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Snowflakes and Sunbeams
Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A wolf-hunt in the prairiesCharley astonishes his father, and breaks in the noo oss effectually.
During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.
In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.
At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.
Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A wolf-hunt in the prairiesCharley astonishes his father, and breaks in thenooosseffectually.
Line 2
During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.
Line 3
In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.
Line 4
At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.
Line 5
Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.
/koʊld ʌv sʌtʃ ɪnˈtensəti ʌv kɔːrs prəˈduːsəz ˈmeni ˈkjʊriəs ənd ˈɪntrəstɪŋ ɪˈfekts wɪtʃ ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ˈskersli ˈnoʊtəst baɪ ðə ɪnˈhæbətənts meɪk ə strɔːŋ ˌɪmˈpreʃən əˈpɑːn ðə maɪndz ʌv ðoʊz huː ˈvɪzɪt ðə ˈkʌntri fɔːr ðə fɜːrst taɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appreciable adjective US /əˈpriːʃəbəl/

enough to be estimated or measured

From this reading “In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.”

Fahrenheit noun US /ˈferənhaɪt/

German physicist who invented the mercury thermometer and developed the scale of temperature that bears his name (1686-1736)

From this reading “At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.”

Hudson's noun US /ˈhʌdsənz/

possessive form of “hudson” — a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

oss noun US /ɔːs/

plural of “os” — a mouth or mouthlike opening

From this reading “A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.”

prairies noun US /ˈpreɪriz/

plural of “prairie” — a treeless grassy plain

From this reading “A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.”

reigns noun US /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading “During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.”

varies verb US /ˈveriz/

third-person singular of “vary” — become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

From this reading “In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.”

zero adjective US /ˈzɪroʊ/

indicating the absence of any or all units under consideration

From this reading “During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

20

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

30

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

40

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

50

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

60

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

appreciableadjectiveUS /əˈpriːʃəbəl/

enough to be estimated or measured

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

astonishes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

BearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

breaksnounUS /breɪks/

plural of “break” — some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

Charley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

considerablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

effectuallyadverb

in an effectual manner

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

FahrenheitnounUS /ˈferənhaɪt/

German physicist who invented the mercury thermometer and developed the scale of temperature that bears his name (1686-1736)

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

fallsnounUS /fɔːlz/

the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

Hudson'snounUS /ˈhʌdsənz/

possessive form of “hudson” — a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

intensitynounUS /ɪnˈtensəti/

the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation)

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

LakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

mercurynounUS /ˈmɜːrkjəri/

a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

noo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

one's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

ossnounUS /ɔːs/

plural of “os” — a mouth or mouthlike opening

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

prairiesnounUS /ˈpreɪriz/

plural of “prairie” — a treeless grassy plain

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

producesnounUS /prəˈduːsəz/

plural of “produce” — fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

rangesnounUS /ˈreɪndʒəz/

plural of “range” — an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

reignsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

sensationnounUS /senˈseɪʃən/

an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

shoresnounUS /ʃɔːrz/

plural of “shore” — the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

spirit-of-wine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

thermometernounUS /θərˈmɑːmətər/

measuring instrument for measuring temperature

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

uselessadjectiveUS /ˈjuːsləs/

having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

variesverbUS /ˈveriz/

third-person singular of “vary” — become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

From this reading In different parts of the country the intensity of the frost varies a little, but not sufficiently to make any appreciable change in one’s sensation of cold.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Cold of such intensity, of course, produces many curious and interesting effects, which, although scarcely noticed by the inhabitants, make a strong impression upon the minds of those who visit the country for the first time.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

wolf-hunt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A wolf-hunt in the prairies—Charley astonishes his father, and breaks in the “noo ’oss” effectually.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading At York Fort, on the shores of Hudson’s Bay, where the winter is eight months long, the spirit-of-wine (mercury being useless in so cold a climate) sometimes falls so low as 50 degrees below zero; and away in the regions of Great Bear Lake it has been known to fall considerably lower than 60 degrees below zero of Fahrenheit.

zeroadjectiveUS /ˈzɪroʊ/

indicating the absence of any or all units under consideration

From this reading During the long winter that reigns in the northern regions of America, the thermometer ranges, for many months together, from zero down to 20, 30, and 40 degrees _below_ it.

Chapter 3 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne holds 210 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams contain?

Chapter 3 holds 210 sentences of Snowflakes and Sunbeams, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 210 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Common questions about reading Snowflakes and Sunbeams by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Snowflakes and Sunbeams?

Yes. All 4540 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6357 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Snowflakes and Sunbeams is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6357, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Snowflakes and Sunbeams take to read?

About 378 minutes of reading across 908 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Snowflakes and Sunbeams section by section

How to work through Snowflakes and Sunbeams section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Snowflakes and Sunbeams to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Words and structures a reader meets early in Snowflakes and Sunbeams, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Course
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Curiously
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enough
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smooth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.