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Snowflakes and Sunbeams
Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams is here in full — 233 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Snowflakes and Sunbeams
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Spring and the voyageurs.
Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.
The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.
That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumbercarts and gigs have supplanted them.
The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams is here in full — 233 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Spring and the voyageurs.
Line 2
Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.
/ˈwɪntər wɪð ɪts snoʊ ənd ɪts aɪs ˈwɪntər wɪð ɪts ʃɑːrp wɪndz ənd waɪt drɪfts ˈwɪntər wɪð ɪts ˈveriəs ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃənz ənd emˈplɔɪmənts ɪz pæst ənd ɪt ɪz sprɪŋ naʊ/
Line 3
The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.
Line 4
That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumbercarts and gigs have supplanted them.
Line 5
The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

billets noun US /ˈbɪləts/

plural of “billet” — a short personal letter

From this reading “The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.”

chime noun US /tʃaɪm/

a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument

From this reading “That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.”

employments noun US /emˈplɔɪmənts/

plural of “employment” — the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading “Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.”

gigs noun US /ɡɪɡz/

plural of “gig” — long and light rowing boat; especially for racing

From this reading “That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.”

glitters noun US /ˈɡlɪtərz/

plural of “glitter” — the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading “The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.”

grit noun US /ɡrɪt/

a hard coarse-grained siliceous sandstone

hacking verb US /ˈhækɪŋ/

-ing form of “hack” — cut with a hacking tool

From this reading “The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.”

supplanted verb US /səˈplæntɪd/

past form of “supplant” — take the place or move into the position of

From this reading “That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Spring and the voyageurs.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

axenounUS /æks/

an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

billetsnounUS /ˈbɪləts/

plural of “billet” — a short personal letter

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

bosomnounUS /ˈbʊzəm/

the chest considered as the place where secret thoughts are kept

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

CanadianadjectiveUS /kəˈneɪdiən/

of or relating to Canada or its people

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

cartnounUS /kɑːrt/

a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

cartsnounUS /kɑːrts/

plural of “cart” — a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

chimenounUS /tʃaɪm/

a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

driftsnounUS /drɪfts/

plural of “drift” — a force that moves something along

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

driveverbUS /draɪv/

operate or control a vehicle

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

employmentsnounUS /emˈplɔɪmənts/

plural of “employment” — the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

firesnounUS /ˈfaɪərz/

plural of “fire” — the event of something burning (often destructive)

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

frostyadjectiveUS /ˈfrɔːsti/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

gigsnounUS /ɡɪɡz/

plural of “gig” — long and light rowing boat; especially for racing

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

glideverbUS /ɡlaɪd/

move smoothly and effortlessly

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

glittersnounUS /ˈɡlɪtərz/

plural of “glitter” — the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

gritnounUS /ɡrɪt/

a hard coarse-grained siliceous sandstone

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

hackingverbUS /ˈhækɪŋ/

-ing form of “hack” — cut with a hacking tool

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

ice-hole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

inexpressiblyadverb

to an inexpressible degree

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

lumbernounUS /ˈlʌmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

merryadjectiveUS /ˈmeri/

full of or showing high-spirited merriment

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

morningsnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋz/

plural of “morning” — the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

oakenadjective

consisting of or made of wood of the oak tree

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

occupationsnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃənz/

plural of “occupation” — the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

oxnounUS /ɑːks/

an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

RednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

roaringnounUS /ˈrɔːrɪŋ/

a deep prolonged loud noise

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

sleighnounUS /sleɪ/

a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

sleigh-bells

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

sleighs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

smoothlyadverbUS /ˈsmuːðli/

with no problems or difficulties

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

soundsnounUS /saʊndz/

plural of “sound” — the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

SpringnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading Spring and the voyageurs.

substitutedverbUS /ˈsʌbstətuːtɪd/

past form of “substitute” — put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

supplantedverbUS /səˈplæntɪd/

past form of “supplant” — take the place or move into the position of

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

tellsnounUS /telz/

plural of “tell” — a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Spring and the voyageurs.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

uselessadjectiveUS /ˈjuːsləs/

having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

From this reading That inexpressibly cheerful sound the merry chime of sleigh-bells, that tells more of winter than all other sounds together, is no longer heard on the bosom of Red River; for the sleighs are thrown aside as useless lumber—carts and gigs have supplanted them.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

voyageurs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Spring and the voyageurs.

water-barrel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

wheelsnounUS /wiːlz/

plural of “wheel” — a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The old Canadian, who used to drive the ox with its water-barrel to the ice-hole for his daily supply, has substituted a small cart with wheels for the old sleigh that used to glide so smoothly over the snow, and _grit_ so sharply on it in the more than usually frosty mornings in the days gone by.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

WinternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Winter, with its snow and its ice: winter, with its sharp winds and white drifts; winter, with its various characteristic occupations and employments, is past, and it is spring now.

woodman's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sun no longer glitters on fields of white; the woodman’s axe is no longer heard hacking the oaken billets, to keep alive the roaring fires.

Chapter 5 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne holds 233 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams contain?

Chapter 5 holds 233 sentences of Snowflakes and Sunbeams, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 233 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Snowflakes and Sunbeams?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Common questions about reading Snowflakes and Sunbeams by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Snowflakes and Sunbeams?

Yes. All 4540 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6357 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Snowflakes and Sunbeams is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6357, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Snowflakes and Sunbeams take to read?

About 378 minutes of reading across 908 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Snowflakes and Sunbeams section by section

How to work through Snowflakes and Sunbeams section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Snowflakes and Sunbeams to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Snowflakes and Sunbeams

Words and structures a reader meets early in Snowflakes and Sunbeams, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Course
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Curiously
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enough
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smooth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Snowflakes and Sunbeams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.