Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Sónnica
Sónnica

Chapter IX

Cover illustration for Sónnica
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.
She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.
Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.
The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.
Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sónnica

Chapter IX

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.
Line 2
She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.
Line 3
Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.
Line 4
The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.
Line 5
Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Because conjunction US /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading “The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.”

Prosperous adjective US /ˈprɑspərəs/

successful and without serious problems

From this reading “She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.”

Skirted noun US /ˈskirted/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.”

Toward preposition US /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading “Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

abrupt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

Actæon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.

allied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

ambassadors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

audaciously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

bound

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

broad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

Bæbius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

CITY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

coasts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

colony

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

conveying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

crossed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

crossing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

desired

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

displayed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.

Emporion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

enjoyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

fifteen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

Flaccus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

Grecian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

gulf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

HUNGRY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

Iberia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

impatience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.

legates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

Liguria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

maintain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

Massilia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

patricians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

peace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

plebs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

prosperousadjectiveUS /ˈprɑspərəs/

successful and without serious problems

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

prow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

prudent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

reach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.

Roman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

Rome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

Saguntum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Actæon displayed impatience to reach Saguntum.

sailed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

Sea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

skirtednounUS /ˈskirted/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

sufferings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

sympathy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

Tamphilus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

then

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

trireme

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

turned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, audaciously crossing the broad gulf, she had turned her prow toward Emporion, and had skirted the coasts of Iberia.

Tyrrhenian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had sailed up the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea; she had then crossed the Sea of Liguria, bound by abrupt coasts, and had passed before Massilia, the prosperous Grecian colony, also allied to Rome.

Valerius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

voyage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HUNGRY CITY The trireme conveying the Roman legates had been on her voyage more than fifteen days.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.

words

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ambassadors from Rome were the patricians Valerius Flaccus, one of those who desired to maintain the peace with prudent words, and Bæbius Tamphilus who enjoyed the love of the Roman plebs because of his sympathy for their sufferings.