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Sons and Fathers
Sons and Fathers

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Sons and Fathers is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE MOTHER'S ROOM.
The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.
It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.
The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.
The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sons and Fathers

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Sons and Fathers is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE MOTHER'S ROOM.
/ðə ˈmʌðərz ruːm/
Line 2
The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.
/ðə haʊs bɪˈfɔːr wɪtʃ ˈmɔːrɡən stʊd ˈoʊvərlʊkt ðə ˈsɪti tuː maɪlz əˈweɪ ənd wɑːz ðə ˈsɛn.tər ʌv ə væst ɪˈsteɪt naʊ rʌn tuː wiːdz/
Line 3
It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.
/ɪt wɑːz ə faɪn ɪɡˈzæmpəl ʌv ðə oʊld staɪl ʌv ˈsʌðərn ˈɑːrkətektʃər/
Line 4
The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.
/ðə ˈspeɪʃəs ruːf emˈbætəld bʌt ənˈbroʊkən baɪ ˈɡeɪbəl ɔːr ˈtaʊər wɑːz səˈpɔːrtɪd ɪn frʌnt baɪ eɪt ˈmæsɪv ˈkɑːləmz ðæt wɜːr ˌɪnˈtendɪd tuː biː ˌaɪˈɑːnɪk/
Line 5
The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.
/ðə speɪs bɪˈtwiːn ðem ənd ðə haʊs ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd ðə vərˈændə ənd ˈoʊpənɪŋ frʌm ðə ˈsɛn.tər ʌv ðə haʊs əˈpɑːn ðɪs wɑːz ə ɡreɪt ˈdɔːrweɪ flæŋkt baɪ ˈwɪndoʊz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

architecture noun US /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading “It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.”

constituted adjective US /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading “The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.”

embattled adjective US /emˈbætəld/

(of a person) beset by difficulties or conflict

From this reading “The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.”

flanked verb US /flæŋkt/

past form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading “The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.”

gable noun US /ˈɡeɪbəl/

the vertical triangular wall between the sloping ends of gable roof

From this reading “The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.”

Ionic adjective US /ˌaɪˈɑːnɪk/

containing or involving or occurring in the form of ions

From this reading “The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.”

overlooked adjective US /ˈoʊvərlʊkt/

not taken into account

From this reading “The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.”

unbroken adjective US /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading “The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

vast estate adjective + noun

In this reading “The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.”

two miles noun + noun counted as “two mile”

In this reading “The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.”

fine example adjective + noun

In this reading “It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.”

old style adjective + noun

a typeface (based on an 18th century design) distinguished by irregularity and slanted ascender serifs and little contrast between light and heavy strokes

In this reading “It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

architecturenounUS /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

centernounUS /ˈsɛn.tər/

The middle point or core of an area.

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

columnsnounUS /ˈkɑːləmz/

plural of “column” — a line of units following one after another

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

constitutedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

doorwaynounUS /ˈdɔːrweɪ/

the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

embattledadjectiveUS /emˈbætəld/

(of a person) beset by difficulties or conflict

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

flankedverbUS /flæŋkt/

past form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

gablenounUS /ˈɡeɪbəl/

the vertical triangular wall between the sloping ends of gable roof

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

IonicadjectiveUS /ˌaɪˈɑːnɪk/

containing or involving or occurring in the form of ions

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

massiveadjectiveUS /ˈmæsɪv/

imposing in size or bulk or solidity

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

MorgannounUS /ˈmɔːrɡən/

United States anthropologist who studied the Seneca (1818-1881)

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

MOTHER'SnounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading THE MOTHER'S ROOM.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

overlookedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlʊkt/

not taken into account

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

ROOMnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading THE MOTHER'S ROOM.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

spaciousadjectiveUS /ˈspeɪʃəs/

very large in expanse or scope

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was a fine example of the old style of southern architecture.

supportedadjectiveUS /səˈpɔːrtɪd/

sustained or maintained by aid (as distinct from physical support)

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE MOTHER'S ROOM.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

unbrokenadjectiveUS /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

verandanounUS /vərˈændə/

a porch along the outside of a building (sometimes partly enclosed)

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

weedsnounUS /wiːdz/

a black garment (dress) worn by a widow as a sign of mourning

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The spacious roof, embattled, but unbroken by gable or tower, was supported in front by eight massive columns that were intended to be Ionic.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The house before which Morgan stood overlooked the city two miles away and was the center of a vast estate now run to weeds.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading The space between them and the house constituted the veranda, and opening from the center of the house upon this was a great doorway, flanked by windows.

Chapter 3 of Sons and Fathers by Harry Stillwell Edwards holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Sons and Fathers contain?

Chapter 3 holds 116 sentences of Sons and Fathers, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Sons and Fathers by Harry Stillwell Edwards exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Sons and Fathers?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sons and Fathers

Common questions about reading Sons and Fathers by Harry Stillwell Edwards on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sons and Fathers?

Yes. All 8769 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36112 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sons and Fathers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36112, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sons and Fathers take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1754 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Sons and Fathers

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sons and Fathers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First-prize
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chicago
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Record's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.