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Sons and Fathers
Sons and Fathers

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Sons and Fathers is here in full — 133 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.
When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.
He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.
Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.
The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sons and Fathers

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Sons and Fathers is here in full — 133 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.
/ðə oʊld saʊθ drɔːz ðə sɔːrd/
Line 2
When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.
Line 3
He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.
Line 4
Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.
/ˈhævɪŋ ɪˈstæblɪʃt ðiːz ɪn maɪnd hiː bɪˈɡæn ðə kɔːrs ʌv ˈriːzənɪŋ hiː ˈɔːlweɪz pərˈsuːd ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ æn ˈestəmət ʌv ˈtestəmoʊni/
Line 5
The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.
/ðə ˈbeɪsəs ʌv hɪz ˈkʌzənz ˈækʃən dɪd nɑːt kɔːl fɔːr mʌtʃ əˈtenʃən hiː nuː hɜːr wel/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

basis noun US /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading “The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.”

carefulness noun US /ˈkerfəlnes/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading “He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.”

cousin's noun US /ˈkʌzənz/

possessive form of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading “The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.”

draws noun US /drɔːz/

plural of “draw” — a gully that is shallower than a ravine

From this reading “THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.”

estimate noun US /ˈestəmət/

an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth

From this reading “Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.”

lighting noun US /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

having abundant light or illumination

From this reading “When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.”

reasoning noun US /ˈriːzənɪŋ/

thinking that is coherent and logical

From this reading “Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.”

testimony noun US /ˈtestəmoʊni/

a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading “Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

DRAWS THE SWORD verb + article + noun counted as “draw … sword”

In this reading “THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.”

interview with verb + particle

In this reading “He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.”

in making preposition + noun

In this reading “Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.”

call for verb + particle

express the need or desire for

In this reading “The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

Annie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

carefulnessnounUS /ˈkerfəlnes/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

cigarnounUS /sɪˈɡɑːr/

a roll of tobacco for smoking

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

cousin'snounUS /ˈkʌzənz/

possessive form of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

DRAWSnounUS /drɔːz/

plural of “draw” — a gully that is shallower than a ravine

From this reading THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.

easy-chair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

estimatenounUS /ˈestəmət/

an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

lightingnounUS /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

having abundant light or illumination

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

lockedverbUS /lɑːkt/

past form of “lock” — fasten with a lock

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

minutest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

Montjoy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

OLDadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.

pursuednounUS /pərˈsuːd/

a person who is being chased

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

quietlyadverbUS /ˈkwaɪətli/

with low volume

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

reasoningnounUS /ˈriːzənɪŋ/

thinking that is coherent and logical

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

recalledverbUS /rɪˈkɔːld/

past form of “recall” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

Royson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

SOUTHnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.

SWORDnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.

testimonynounUS /ˈtestəmoʊni/

a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE OLD SOUTH DRAWS THE SWORD.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Having established these in mind he began the course of reasoning he always pursued in making an estimate of testimony.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The basis of his cousin's action did not call for much attention; he knew her well.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Royson reached his office he quietly locked himself in, and, lighting a cigar, threw himself into his easy-chair.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He recalled with carefulness the minutest facts of his interview with Annie Montjoy, from the moment he seated himself beside her, until his departure.

Chapter 10 of Sons and Fathers by Harry Stillwell Edwards holds 133 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Sons and Fathers contain?

Chapter 10 holds 133 sentences of Sons and Fathers, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Sons and Fathers by Harry Stillwell Edwards exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 133 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Sons and Fathers?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sons and Fathers

Common questions about reading Sons and Fathers by Harry Stillwell Edwards on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sons and Fathers?

Yes. All 8769 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36112 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sons and Fathers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36112, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sons and Fathers take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1754 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sons and Fathers section by section

How to work through Sons and Fathers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Sons and Fathers to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sons and Fathers

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sons and Fathers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First-prize
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chicago
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Record's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sons and Fathers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.