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South American Fights and Fighters
South American Fights and Fighters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of South American Fights and Fighters is here in full — 2642 sentences across 529 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."
To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.
Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.
The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.
When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

South American Fights and Fighters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of South American Fights and Fighters is here in full — 2642 sentences across 529 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/528 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."
Line 2
To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.
/tuː ðə ˈɔːrdəneri ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl ɪt səˈdʒests ðə kərˈɪbiən siː/
Line 3
Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.
Line 4
The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.
/ðə ˈspænɪʃ meɪn wɑːz ðæt ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv saʊθ əˈmerəkən ˈterɪtɔːri dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt frʌm ˈkjuːbə hɪˌspɑːˈŋoʊlə ənd ðə ˈʌðər ˈaɪləndz bɪˈkɔːz ɪt wɑːz ɑːn ðə meɪn lænd/
Line 5
When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.
/wen ðə ɡʌlf ʌv ˈmeksəkoʊ ənd ðə kərˈɪbiən siː wɜːr ə ˈspænɪʃ leɪk ðə hoʊl ˈsɜːrkəl ʌv ˈterɪtɔːri ˈbɔːrdərɪŋ ðeˈrɔːn wɑːz ðə ˈspænɪʃ meɪn bʌt ʌv leɪt ðə ˈtaɪtəl hæz bɪn riˈstrɪktəd tuː ˈsentrəl ənd saʊθ əˈmerəkə/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Caribbean noun US /kərˈɪbiən/

an arm of the Atlantic Ocean between North and South America; the origin of the Gulf stream

From this reading “To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.”

Colonization noun US /ˌkɑːlənɪˈzeɪʃən/

the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies

From this reading “Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."”

Cuba noun US /ˈkjuːbə/

a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba

From this reading “The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.”

Cyprus noun US /ˈsaɪprəs/

a country on the island of Cyprus; 80% of the people are of Greek origin and 20% or Turkish origin

From this reading “Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.”

descry verb US /deˈskraɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading “Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.”

Hispaniola noun US /hɪˌspɑːˈŋoʊlə/

an island in the West Indies

From this reading “The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.”

Othello noun US /əˈθeloʊ/

the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy who would not trust his wife

From this reading “Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.”

Panama noun US /ˈpænəmɑː/

a republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903

From this reading “Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

applicationnounUS /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

borderingverbUS /ˈbɔːrdərɪŋ/

-ing form of “border” — extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

CaribbeannounUS /kərˈɪbiən/

an arm of the Atlantic Ocean between North and South America; the origin of the Gulf stream

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

CentraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

ColonizationnounUS /ˌkɑːlənɪˈzeɪʃən/

the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

CubanounUS /ˈkjuːbə/

a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

CyprusnounUS /ˈsaɪprəs/

a country on the island of Cyprus; 80% of the people are of Greek origin and 20% or Turkish origin

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

descryverbUS /deˈskraɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

GulfnounUS /ɡʌlf/

an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

HispaniolanounUS /hɪˌspɑːˈŋoʊlə/

an island in the West Indies

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

islandsnounUS /ˈaɪləndz/

plural of “island” — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

Knights-Errant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

MainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

MexiconounUS /ˈmeksəkoʊ/

a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

misunderstoodadjectiveUS /ˌmɪsəndərˈstʊd/

wrongly understood

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

OthellonounUS /əˈθeloʊ/

the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy who would not trust his wife

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

PanamanounUS /ˈpænəmɑː/

a republic on the Isthmus of Panama; achieved independence from Colombia in 1903

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

phrasesnounUS /ˈfreɪzəz/

plural of “phrase” — an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

refersverbUS /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

restrictedadjectiveUS /riˈstrɪktəd/

subject to restriction or subjected to restriction

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

SeanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

suggestsverbUS /səˈdʒests/

third-person singular of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Panama and the Knights-Errant of Colonization One of the commonly misunderstood phrases in the language is "the Spanish Main."

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

thereonadverbUS /ðeˈrɔːn/

on that

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To the ordinary individual it suggests the Caribbean Sea.

twixt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

warrantnounUS /ˈwɔːrənt/

a writ from a court commanding police to perform specified acts

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Spanish Main was that portion of South American territory distinguished from Cuba, Hispaniola and the other islands, because it was on the main land.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading When the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea were a Spanish lake, the whole circle of territory, bordering thereon was the Spanish Main, but of late the title has been restricted to Central and South America.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Although Shakespeare in "Othello," makes one of the gentlemen of Cyprus say that he "cannot 'twixt heaven and main descry a sail," and, therefore, with other poets, gives warrant to the application of the word to the ocean, "main" really refers to the other element.

Chapter 1 of South American Fights and Fighters by Cyrus Townsend Brady holds 2642 sentences, grouped into 529 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of South American Fights and Fighters contain?

Chapter 1 holds 2642 sentences of South American Fights and Fighters, unabridged, divided into 529 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of South American Fights and Fighters by Cyrus Townsend Brady exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 2642 sentences, grouped into 529 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of South American Fights and Fighters?

Work through the 529 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 529 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading South American Fights and Fighters

Common questions about reading South American Fights and Fighters by Cyrus Townsend Brady on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of South American Fights and Fighters?

Yes. All 3904 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20910 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of South American Fights and Fighters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20910, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does South American Fights and Fighters take to read?

About 325 minutes of reading across 781 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read South American Fights and Fighters section by section

How to work through South American Fights and Fighters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of South American Fights and Fighters to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in South American Fights and Fighters

Words and structures a reader meets early in South American Fights and Fighters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Panama
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South American Fights and Fighters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knights-errant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South American Fights and Fighters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Colonization
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South American Fights and Fighters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Commonly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South American Fights and Fighters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.