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South Wind
South Wind

Chapter V

Cover illustration for South Wind
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.
She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.
Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.
In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.
He died relatively young.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

South Wind

Chapter V

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.
Line 2
She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.
Line 3
Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.
Line 4
In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.
Line 5
He died relatively young.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.”

Second noun US /second/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

American

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

birth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

Catholic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

Church

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

devotion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

died

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

Duchess

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

fifty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

francs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

further

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

husband

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

Italian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

Marquis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

Papal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

passionate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

payment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

raised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

rank

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

reason

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

relatively

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He died relatively young.

second

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

spouse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

stands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

state

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

thousand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her second spouse--he, too, had died long ago--was Italian.

view

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In view of his passionate devotion to the Catholic Church and of a further payment of fifty thousand francs, he had been raised to the rank of Papal Marquis.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It stands to reason that the Duchess was not a Duchess at all.

Western

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was American by birth, from some Western state, and her first husband had been an army man.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He died relatively young.