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South Wind
South Wind

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of South Wind is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for South Wind
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.
But even the worm will turn....
Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.
The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.
Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

South Wind

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of South Wind is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.
Line 2
But even the worm will turn....
/bʌt ˈiːvɪn ðə wɜːrm wɪl tɜːrn/
Line 3
Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.
Line 4
The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.
Line 5
Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dialectical adjective US /ˌdaɪəˈlektɪkəl/

of or relating to or employing dialectic

From this reading “Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.”

disciplinary adjective US /ˈdɪsəpləneri/

relating to discipline in behavior

From this reading “Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.”

illumined verb US /ˌɪˈluːmənd/

past form of “illumine” — make lighter or brighter

From this reading “Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.”

incorrigible adjective US /ˌɪnˈkɑːrədʒəbəl/

impervious to correction by punishment

From this reading “The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.”

lapses noun US /ˈlæpsɪz/

plural of “lapse” — a mistake resulting from inattention

From this reading “Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.”

notoriously adverb US /noʊˈtɔːriəsli/

to a notorious degree

From this reading “The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.”

probationary adjective US /proʊˈbeɪʃəneriː/

under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon

From this reading “Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.”

vagrant noun US /ˈveɪɡrənt/

a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support

From this reading “The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

Bazhakuloff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But even the worm will turn....

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

DespiteprepositionUS /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

dialecticaladjectiveUS /ˌdaɪəˈlektɪkəl/

of or relating to or employing dialectic

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

disciplinaryadjectiveUS /ˈdɪsəpləneri/

relating to discipline in behavior

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

divideverbUS /dɪˈvaɪd/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading But even the worm will turn....

ex-monk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

expiatoryadjective

having power to atone for or offered by way of expiation or propitiation

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

harshadjectiveUS /hɑːrʃ/

unpleasantly stern

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

illuminedverbUS /ˌɪˈluːmənd/

past form of “illumine” — make lighter or brighter

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

incorrigibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkɑːrədʒəbəl/

impervious to correction by punishment

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

Kasan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

lapsesnounUS /ˈlæpsɪz/

plural of “lapse” — a mistake resulting from inattention

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

monasterynounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteri/

the residence of a religious community

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

monkishadjective

befitting a monk; inclined to self-denial

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

notoriouslyadverbUS /noʊˈtɔːriəsli/

to a notorious degree

From this reading The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.

occasionaladjectiveUS /əˈkeɪʒənəl/

occurring from time to time

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

performedverbUS /pərˈfɔːrmd/

past form of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

periodsnounUS /ˈpɪriədz/

plural of “period” — an amount of time

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

probationaryadjectiveUS /proʊˈbeɪʃəneriː/

under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

promptedverbUS /ˈprɑːmptɪd/

past form of “prompt” — give an incentive for action

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

punishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌnɪʃt/

subjected to a penalty (as pain or shame or restraint or loss) for an offense or fault or in order to coerce some behavior (as a confession or obedience)

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.

ScholarsnounUS /ˈskɑːlərz/

plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

tender-hearted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Russian Government is notoriously tender-hearted.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading But even the worm will turn....

vagrantnounUS /ˈveɪɡrənt/

a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

vicesnounUS /ˈvaɪsəz/

plural of “vice” — moral weakness

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Scholars who have treated the life of the ex-monk Bazhakuloff divide it into five clearly marked periods: the probationary, dialectical, political, illumined and expiatory.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading But even the worm will turn....

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

wormnounUS /wɜːrm/

any of numerous relatively small elongated soft-bodied animals especially of the phyla Annelida and Chaetognatha and Nematoda and Nemertea and Platyhelminthes; also many insect larvae

From this reading But even the worm will turn....

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading The first began in youth when, being driven from his father's house by reason of his vagrant habits and other incorrigible vices, he entered a monastery near Kasan.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading Despite occasional lapses prompted by the hot blood of his years and punished with harsh disciplinary measures, he seems to have performed his monkish duties with sufficient zeal.

Chapter 10 of South Wind by Norman Douglas holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of South Wind contain?

Chapter 10 holds 159 sentences of South Wind, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of South Wind by Norman Douglas exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of South Wind?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading South Wind

Common questions about reading South Wind by Norman Douglas on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of South Wind?

Yes. All 9580 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4508 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of South Wind is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4508, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does South Wind take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1916 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read South Wind section by section

How to work through South Wind section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of South Wind to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in South Wind

Words and structures a reader meets early in South Wind, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Duchess
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South Wind; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Martino
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South Wind; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kind-hearted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South Wind; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Imposing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of South Wind; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.