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Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.
Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.

Chapter II · Of the Adventures of Captain Juan Gallego while he

Chapter II of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543., “Of the Adventures of Captain Juan Gallego while he,” is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES
THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.
The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.
His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.
Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.

Chapter II · Of the Adventures of Captain Juan Gallego while he

Chapter II of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543., “Of the Adventures of Captain Juan Gallego while he,” is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES
Line 2
THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.
Line 3
The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.
Line 4
His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.
Line 5
Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cadiz noun US /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading “The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.”

Canary noun US /kəˈneri/

someone acting as an informer or decoy for the police

From this reading “His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.”

cow's noun US /kaʊz/

possessive form of “cow” — female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading “Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.”

Las noun US /lɑːs/

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading “Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.”

overland adjective US /ˈoʊvərlænd/

traveling or passing over land

From this reading “THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.”

perpetuate verb US /pərˈpetʃəweɪt/

cause to continue or prevail

From this reading “Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.”

privation noun US /praɪˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme poverty

From this reading “THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.”

Revolted verb US /rɪˈvoʊltɪd/

past form of “revolt” — make revolution

From this reading “was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

de la noun + noun

In this reading “The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.”

eight years adjective + noun

In this reading “THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.”

most remarkable adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.”

some respects adjective + noun

In this reading “THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.”

in the annals preposition + article + noun counted as “in … annals”

In this reading “THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.”

in the province preposition + article + noun counted as “in … province”

In this reading “The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.”

All words in this reading · 153

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1212

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

1483

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

1528

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

1536

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

379

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

381

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

384

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

Alhaja

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

ALVAR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

ancestornounUS /ˈænsestər/

someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

annalsnounUS /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

anyonepronounUS /ˈeniwʌn/

any person at all

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

bringingnounUS /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

BullsnounUS /bʊlz/

plural of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

CABEZA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

CadiznounUS /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

CanarynounUS /kəˈneri/

someone acting as an informer or decoy for the police

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

conquerornounUS /ˈkɑːŋkərər/

someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

conquestnounUS /ˈkɑːŋkwest/

the act of conquering

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

continentnounUS /ˈkɑːntənənt/

one of the large landmasses of the earth

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

CountrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

cownounUS /kaʊ/

female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

cow'snounUS /kaʊz/

possessive form of “cow” — female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

DEnounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

DescriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

desiredadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪərd/

wanted intensely

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

directverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

explorationnounUS /ˌeksplərˈeɪʃən/

to travel for the purpose of discovery

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

EXPLORERSnounUS /ɪkˈsplɔːrərz/

plural of “explorer” — someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

Francisco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

Frontera

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

GrandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

guidingadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

Jeréz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

JulynounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

LasnounUS /lɑːs/

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

MartinnounUS /ˈmɑːrtən/

French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

maternaladjectiveUS /məˈtɜːrnəl/

characteristic of a mother

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

matronymicnoun

a name derived from the name of your mother or a maternal ancestor

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

MoorsnounUS /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

NARRATIVEnounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

Navarre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

Navas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

NUÑEZ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

overlandadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlænd/

traveling or passing over land

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

Pedro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

perpetuateverbUS /pərˈpetʃəweɪt/

cause to continue or prevail

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

PlainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

privationnounUS /praɪˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme poverty

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

respectsnounUS /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

RevoltedverbUS /rɪˈvoʊltɪd/

past form of “revolt” — make revolution

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

Reënforcements

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

shepherdnounUS /ˈʃepərd/

a clergyman who watches over a group of people

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

skullnounUS /skʌl/

the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

SOUTHERNadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading The author of the narrative was a native of Jeréz de la Frontera, in the province of Cadiz, in southern Spain, but the date of his birth is not known.

SPANISHnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

STATESnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

sufferingnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

a state of acute pain

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

TeresanounUS /tərˈiːsə/

Indian nun and missionary in the Roman Catholic Church (born of Albanian parents in what is now Macedonia); dedicated to helping the poor in India (1910-1997)

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

Tolosa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

UNITEDadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

VACA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

Vera

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

WaynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading His father was Francisco de Vera, son of Pedro de Vera, conqueror of the Grand Canary in 1483; his mother, Teresa Cabeza de Vaca, who also was born in Jeréz.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Why Alvar Nuñez assumed the matronymic is not known, unless it was with a sense of pride that he desired to perpetuate the name that had been bestowed by the King of Navarre on his maternal ancestor, a shepherd named Martin Alhaja, for guiding the army through a pass that he marked with the skull of a cow (_cabeza de vaca_, literally "cow's head"), thus leading the Spanish army to success in the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in July, 1212, which led up to the final conquest of the Moors in Spain.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading was bringing Reënforcements through the Revolted Country 379 seen on the Plains, with a Description of the Bulls 381 and of how another more direct Way might be found, if anyone was to return to that Country 384 SPANISH EXPLORERS IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading THE NARRATIVE OF ALVAR NUÑEZ CABEZA DE VACA INTRODUCTION In some respects the journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions overland from coast to coast during the eight years from 1528 to 1536 is the most remarkable in the record of American exploration, and as a narrative of suffering and privation the relation here presented perhaps has no equal in the annals of the northern continent.

Chapter 2 of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543. by Alvar, active 16th century Núñez Cabeza de Vaca holds 179 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543. contain?

Chapter 2 holds 179 sentences of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543., unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543. by Alvar, active 16th century Núñez Cabeza de Vaca exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 179 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 4769 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42841 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #42841, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 397 minutes of reading across 954 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Editor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Franklin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jameson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528-1543.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.