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Spanish Papers
Spanish Papers

Chapter X

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Context Illustration Reading 1/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.
The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.
The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.
When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.
So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Spanish Papers

Chapter X

Reading 1/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.
Line 2
The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.
Line 3
The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.
Line 4
When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.
Line 5
So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Around preposition US /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading “The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.”

Beside preposition US /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading “The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.”

Christian noun US /ˈchristian/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.”

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.”

Throughout preposition US /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading “The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.”

Uttered noun US /ˈuttered/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.”

Wounded noun US /wounded/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

alarm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

applied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

Arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

calamity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

carried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

chains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

Christian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

consternation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

Country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

cries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

defeat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

despair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

faint

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

filled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

food

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

fountains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

fugitives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

gates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

gathered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

groaned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

heads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

horrors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

inhabitants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

kinds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

laid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

lamentations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

public

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

related

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

Roderick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

rouses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

scattered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

shook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

slavery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

sounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

spread

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

strange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

tale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

Terror

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading The scattered fugitives of the Christian army spread terror throughout the land.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Terror of the Country.—Roderick rouses himself to Arms.

towns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

train

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

unlooked-for

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

utterednounUS /ˈuttered/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

villages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.

war

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

warfare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading So strange and unlooked-for a calamity filled them with consternation and despair; for it was long since the alarm of war had sounded in their land, and this was a warfare that carried chains and slavery, and all kinds of horrors in its train.

women

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they related the tale of their defeat, old men shook their heads and groaned, and the women uttered cries and lamentations.

wounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inhabitants of the towns and villages gathered around them as they applied at their gates for food, or laid themselves down, faint and wounded, beside the public fountains.