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Spanish Papers
Spanish Papers

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Spanish Papers is here in full — 254 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.
Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.
When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.
He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.
This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Spanish Papers

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Spanish Papers is here in full — 254 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/50 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.
Line 2
Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.
Line 3
When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.
Line 4
He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.
Line 5
This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chieftain noun US /ˈtʃiːftən/

the leader of a group of people

From this reading “When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.”

conquering noun US /ˈkɑːŋkərɪŋ/

the act of conquering

From this reading “When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.”

dispatched verb US /dɪˈspætʃt/

past form of “dispatch” — send away towards a designated goal

From this reading “When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.”

emir noun US /ɪˈmɪr/

an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)

From this reading “Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.”

graced verb US /ɡreɪst/

past form of “grace” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.”

Moslem noun US /ˈmɑːzləm/

a believer in or follower of Islam

From this reading “Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.”

reinforcement noun US /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/

a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission

From this reading “When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.”

renowned adjective US /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eldest son adjective + noun

In this reading “He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.”

take command verb + noun

In this reading “When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.”

for a season preposition + article + noun counted as “for … season”

In this reading “Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

Abdalasis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

affabilitynoun

a disposition to be friendly and approachable (easy to talk to)

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

AfricanounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

Almagreb

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

awaitverbUS /əˈweɪt/

look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

belovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

bennounUS /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

Cairvan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

CaptureverbUS /ˈkæptʃər/

succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

Carmona

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

chieftainnounUS /ˈtʃiːftən/

the leader of a group of people

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

commander-in-chiefnoun

the officer who holds the supreme command

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

conqueringnounUS /ˈkɑːŋkərɪŋ/

the act of conquering

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

dispatchedverbUS /dɪˈspætʃt/

past form of “dispatch” — send away towards a designated goal

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

emirnounUS /ɪˈmɪr/

an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

engagingadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/

attracting or delighting

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

EntrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

gracedverbUS /ɡreɪst/

past form of “grace” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

jealousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒeləs/

showing extreme cupidity; painfully desirous of another's advantages

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

magnanimitynoun

liberality in bestowing gifts; extremely liberal and generous of spirit

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

MoslemnounUS /ˈmɑːzləm/

a believer in or follower of Islam

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

Muza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

Nosier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

pausenounUS /pɔːz/

a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

reinforcementnounUS /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/

a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

renownedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

soldierynoun

soldiers collectively

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading Muza ben Nosier.— His Entrance into Spain and Capture of Carmona.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

Taric

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

triumphantadjectiveUS /traɪˈʌmfənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

WesternadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading He left his eldest son, Abdalasis, in Cairvan, with authority over Almagreb, or Western Africa.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Let us leave for a season the bold Taric in his triumphant progress from city to city, while we turn our eyes to Muza ben Nosier, the renowned emir of Almagreb, and the commander-in-chief of the Moslem forces of the West.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading When that jealous chieftain had dispatched his letter commanding Taric to pause and await his coming, he immediately made every preparation to enter Spain with a powerful reinforcement, and to take command of the conquering army.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading This Abdalasis was in the flower of his youth, and beloved by the soldiery for the magnanimity and the engaging affability which graced his courage.

Chapter 13 of Spanish Papers by Washington Irving holds 254 sentences, grouped into 51 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Spanish Papers contain?

Chapter 13 holds 254 sentences of Spanish Papers, unabridged, divided into 51 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Spanish Papers by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 254 sentences, grouped into 51 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Spanish Papers?

Work through the 51 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 51 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Spanish Papers

Common questions about reading Spanish Papers by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Spanish Papers?

Yes. All 4679 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50352 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Spanish Papers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50352, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Spanish Papers take to read?

About 389 minutes of reading across 936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Spanish Papers section by section

How to work through Spanish Papers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Spanish Papers to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Spanish Papers

Words and structures a reader meets early in Spanish Papers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Philadelphia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lippincott
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Papers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.