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Spanish Papers
Spanish Papers

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Spanish Papers is here in full — 433 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
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Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.
While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.
He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.
Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.
Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Spanish Papers

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Spanish Papers is here in full — 433 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.
Line 2
While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.
Line 3
He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.
Line 4
Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.
Line 5
Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!
/nɑːt lɔːŋ ˈæftər ðə dɪˈpɑːrtʃər ʌv hɪz ˈfɑːðər hiː rəˈsiːvd ə ˈletər frʌm hɪm ˈrɪtən waɪl ɑːn hɪz ˈdʒɜːrni tuː ˈsɪriə ɪt wɑːz tuː ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ˈpɜːrpɔːrt bɪˈlʌvd sʌn ˈɑːnər ʌv ðaɪ ˈlɪniədʒ ˈɑːlə ɡɑːrd ðiː frʌm ɔːl hɑːrm ənd ˈperəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

administered verb US /ədˈmɪnəstərd/

past form of “administer” — work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of

From this reading “Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.”

confiding adjective US /kənˈfaɪdɪŋ/

willing to entrust personal matters

From this reading “He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.”

counselor noun US /ˈkaʊnsələr/

someone who gives advice about problems

From this reading “Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.”

emir noun US /ɪˈmɪr/

an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)

From this reading “Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.”

lineage noun US /ˈlɪniədʒ/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading “Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!”

prudently adverb US /ˈpruːdəntli/

in a prudent manner

From this reading “Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.”

purport verb US /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming

From this reading “Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!”

Syria noun US /ˈsɪriə/

an Asian republic in the Middle East at the east end of the Mediterranean; site of some of the world's most ancient centers of civilization

From this reading “While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

public affairs noun + noun

In this reading “Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.”

Beloved son adjective + noun

In this reading “Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!”

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.”

after the departure preposition + article + noun counted as “after … departure”

In this reading “Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

Abdalasis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.

administeredverbUS /ədˈmɪnəstərd/

past form of “administer” — work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

advicenounUS /ædˈvaɪs/

a proposal for an appropriate course of action

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

aidedadjectiveUS /ˈeɪdəd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

AllahnounUS /ˈɑːlə/

Muslim name for the one and only God

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

Ayub

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

BelovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

benignantadjective

pleasant and beneficial in nature or influence

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

bosomnounUS /ˈbʊzəm/

the chest considered as the place where secret thoughts are kept

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

ConductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.

confidingadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪdɪŋ/

willing to entrust personal matters

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

counselornounUS /ˈkaʊnsələr/

someone who gives advice about problems

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

discreetadjectiveUS /dɪˈskriːt/

marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

EmirnounUS /ɪˈmɪr/

an independent ruler or chieftain (especially in Africa or Arabia)

From this reading Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

FortunatelyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by good fortune

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

generousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

guardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

happeningnounUS /ˈhæpənɪŋ/

an event that happens

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

harmnounUS /hɑːrm/

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

lineagenounUS /ˈlɪniədʒ/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

Muza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

nephewnounUS /ˈnefjuː/

a son of your brother or sister

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

perilnounUS /ˈperəl/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

prosperouslyadverb

in the manner of prosperous people

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

prudentlyadverbUS /ˈpruːdəntli/

in a prudent manner

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

purportverbUS /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading Conduct of Abdalasis as Emir of Spain.

SyrianounUS /ˈsɪriə/

an Asian republic in the Middle East at the east end of the Mediterranean; site of some of the world's most ancient centers of civilization

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was of a generous and benignant disposition, but he was open and confiding, and easily led away by the opinions of those he loved.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Fortunately his father had left with him, as a bosom counselor, the discreet Ayub, the nephew of Muza; aided by his advice, he for some time administered the public affairs prudently and prosperously.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Not long after the departure of his father, he received a letter from him, written while on his journey to Syria; it was to the following purport:— “Beloved son; honor of thy lineage; Allah guard thee from all harm and peril!

youthfuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːθfəl/

suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh

From this reading While these events were happening in Syria, the youthful Abdalasis, the son of Muza, remained as emir or governor of Spain.

Chapter 15 of Spanish Papers by Washington Irving holds 433 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Spanish Papers contain?

Chapter 15 holds 433 sentences of Spanish Papers, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Spanish Papers by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 433 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Spanish Papers?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Spanish Papers

Common questions about reading Spanish Papers by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Spanish Papers?

Yes. All 4679 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50352 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Spanish Papers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50352, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Spanish Papers take to read?

About 389 minutes of reading across 936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Spanish Papers section by section

How to work through Spanish Papers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Spanish Papers to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Spanish Papers

Words and structures a reader meets early in Spanish Papers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Philadelphia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lippincott
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Papers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.