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Spanish Papers
Spanish Papers

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Spanish Papers is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
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Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.
His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.
The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.
Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.
Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Spanish Papers

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Spanish Papers is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.
Line 2
His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.
Line 3
The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.
Line 4
Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.
Line 5
Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Castile noun US /ˌkæˈstaɪl/

a region of central Spain; a former kingdom that comprised most of modern Spain and united with Aragon to form Spain in 1479

From this reading “Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.”

Charlemagne noun US /ˈʃɑːrləmeɪn/

king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)

From this reading “Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.”

granddaughter noun US /ˈɡrændɔːtər/

a female grandchild

From this reading “Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.”

Historians noun US /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading “Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.”

Installation noun US /ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən/

the act of installing something (as equipment)

From this reading “Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.”

renowned adjective US /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.”

rightful adjective US /ˈraɪtfəl/

legally valid

From this reading “Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.”

superseded verb US /ˌsuːpərˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “supersede” — take the place or move into the position of

From this reading “Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

superseded by verb + particle counted as “supersede by”

In this reading “Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.”

among the mountains preposition + article + noun counted as “among … mountain”

In this reading “Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.”

about the year preposition + article + noun counted as “about … year”

In this reading “The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

887

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

Belchidez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Bella

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

CampaignnounUS /kæmˈpeɪn/

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

CastilenounUS /ˌkæˈstaɪl/

a region of central Spain; a former kingdom that comprised most of modern Spain and united with Aragon to form Spain in 1479

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

cavaliernounUS /ˌkævəˈlɪr/

a gallant or courtly gentleman

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

CharlemagnenounUS /ˈʃɑːrləmeɪn/

king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

descentnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

disposedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspoʊzd/

having made preparations

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Doña

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Fernan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

Gonzalez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

GothicadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːθɪk/

characteristic of the style of type commonly used for printing German

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

granddaughternounUS /ˈɡrændɔːtər/

a female grandchild

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

hardily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

HistoriansnounUS /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

InstallationnounUS /ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən/

the act of installing something (as equipment)

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

kingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Maron

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

MartinnounUS /ˈmɑːrtən/

French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

MoorsnounUS /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

nephewnounUS /ˈnefjuː/

a son of your brother or sister

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Nuño

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Installation of Fernan Gonzalez as Count of Castile.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Quirce

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

renownedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

rightfuladjectiveUS /ˈraɪtfəl/

legally valid

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

Roderick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

Sancho

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

sovereignadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːv.rən/

Possessing supreme or ultimate power; autonomous and commanding.

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

SpoilsnounUS /spɔɪlz/

plural of “spoil” — (usually plural) valuables taken by violence (especially in war)

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

Sulanoun

type genus of the Sulidae

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

supersededverbUS /ˌsuːpərˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “supersede” — take the place or move into the position of

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

tracenounUS /treɪs/

a just detectable amount

From this reading Historians trace his descent to Nuño Belchidez, nephew of the Emperor Charlemagne, and Doña Sula Bella, granddaughter to the Prince Don Sancho, rightful sovereign of Spain, but superseded by Roderick, the last of the Gothic kings.

veterannounUS /ˈvetərən/

a serviceman who has seen considerable active service

From this reading Fernan Gonzalez was hardily educated among the mountains in a strong place called Maron, in the house of Martin Gonzalez, a gallant and veteran cavalier.

VictorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading His First Campaign against the Moors.—Victory of San Quirce.—How the Count disposed of the Spoils.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The renowned Fernan Gonzalez, the most complete hero of his time, was born about the year 887.

Chapter 18 of Spanish Papers by Washington Irving holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Spanish Papers contain?

Chapter 18 holds 128 sentences of Spanish Papers, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Spanish Papers by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Spanish Papers?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Spanish Papers

Common questions about reading Spanish Papers by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Spanish Papers?

Yes. All 4679 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50352 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Spanish Papers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50352, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Spanish Papers take to read?

About 389 minutes of reading across 936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Spanish Papers section by section

How to work through Spanish Papers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Spanish Papers

Words and structures a reader meets early in Spanish Papers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Philadelphia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lippincott
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Papers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Spanish Papers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.