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Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known
Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known is here in full — 298 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
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His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.
Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.
Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.
The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.
Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known is here in full — 298 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.
Line 2
Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.
Line 3
Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.
Line 4
The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.
Line 5
Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Advocates noun US /ˈædvəkəts/

plural of “advocate” — a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea

From this reading “The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.”

copied verb US /ˈkɑːpid/

inflected form of “copy” — copy down as is

From this reading “The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.”

Glasgow noun US /ˈɡlæskoʊ/

largest city in Scotland; a port on the Clyde in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world

From this reading “Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.”

glossary noun US /ˈɡlɔːsəri/

an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field

From this reading “Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.”

monastery noun US /ˈmɑːnəsteri/

the residence of a religious community

From this reading “The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.”

Perth noun US /pɜːrθ/

the state capital of Western Australia

From this reading “The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.”

preface noun US /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.”

Scots noun US /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1489

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

1616

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

1620

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

1648

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

1665

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

1670

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

1790

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

AdvocatesnounUS /ˈædvəkəts/

plural of “advocate” — a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.

BrucenounUS /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

Carthusiannoun

a member of the Carthusian order

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

copiedverbUS /ˈkɑːpid/

inflected form of “copy” — copy down as is

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

EdinburghnounUS /ˈedənbəroʊ/

the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

GlasgownounUS /ˈɡlæskoʊ/

largest city in Scotland; a port on the Clyde in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

glossarynounUS /ˈɡlɔːsəri/

an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

handwritingnounUS /ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/

something written by hand

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

impressionsnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃənz/

plural of “impression” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

LibrarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

monasterynounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteri/

the residence of a religious community

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

MSnounUS /mɪz/

a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

PerthnounUS /pɜːrθ/

the state capital of Western Australia

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

Pinkerton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pinkerton first divided 'The Bruce' into books.

Pinkerton's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

prefacenounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

prioradjectiveUS /ˈpraɪər/

earlier in time

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

Ramsay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading Pinkerton's edition is in three volumes, and has a preface, notes, and a glossary, all of considerable value.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The MS. was copied from a volume in the Advocates' Library, of the date of 1489, which was in the handwriting of one John Ramsay, believed to have been the prior of a Carthusian monastery near Perth.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading His great work, 'The Bruce,' or more fully, 'The History of Robert Bruce, King of the Scots,' does not appear to have been printed till 1616 in Edinburgh.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Between that date and the year 1790, when Pinkerton's edition appeared, no less than twenty impressions were published, (the principal being those of Edinburgh in 1620 and 1648; Glasgow, 1665; and Edinburgh, 1670--all in black letter,) so popular immediately became the poem.

Chapter 4 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known by George [Editor] Gilfillan holds 298 sentences, grouped into 60 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known contain?

Chapter 4 holds 298 sentences of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known, unabridged, divided into 60 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known by George [Editor] Gilfillan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 298 sentences, grouped into 60 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known?

Work through the 60 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Yes. All 10176 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9670 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #9670, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 2036 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Words and structures a reader meets early in Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Specimens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memoirs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Less-known
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
British
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.