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Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known
Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known is here in full — 263 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known
Context Illustration Reading 1/52 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.
4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.
5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.
6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.
7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known is here in full — 263 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/52 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.
Line 2
4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.
Line 3
5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.
Line 4
6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.
Line 5
7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Chide verb US /tʃaɪd/

censure severely or angrily

From this reading “4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.”

comply verb US /kəmˈplaɪ/

act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes

From this reading “6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.”

foreseeing verb US /fɔːrˈsiːɪŋ/

-ing form of “foresee” — realize beforehand

From this reading “3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.”

humidity noun US /hjuːˈmɪdəti/

wetness in the atmosphere

From this reading “6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.”

loads noun US /loʊdz/

a large number or amount

From this reading “5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.”

snares noun US /snerz/

plural of “snare” — something (often something deceptively attractive) that catches you unawares

From this reading “3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.”

surprises noun US /sərˈpraɪzɪz/

plural of “surprise” — the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading “3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.”

Water's noun US /ˈwɔːtərz/

possessive form of “water” — binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading “5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.”

All words in this reading · 122

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

6

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

7

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

alasexclamationUS /əˈlæs/

used to show sadness, pity, or regret

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

ascents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

bedsnounUS /bedz/

plural of “bed” — a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

ChideverbUS /tʃaɪd/

censure severely or angrily

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

complyverbUS /kəmˈplaɪ/

act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

corruptest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

descentnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

discoveriesnounUS /dɪˈskʌvəriz/

plural of “discovery” — the act of discovering something

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

drownverbUS /draʊn/

cover completely or make imperceptible

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

FireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

foamnounUS /foʊm/

a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

foreseeingverbUS /fɔːrˈsiːɪŋ/

-ing form of “foresee” — realize beforehand

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

graciousadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪʃəs/

characterized by charm, good taste, and generosity of spirit

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

grossnessnoun

the quality of lacking taste and refinement

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

herbsnounUS /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

HidverbUS /hɪd/

inflected form of “hide” — prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

humiditynounUS /hjuːˈmɪdəti/

wetness in the atmosphere

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

Issacharnoun

(Old Testament) a son of Jacob and a forebear of one of the tribes of Israel

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

keysnounUS /kiːz/

plural of “key” — metal device shaped in such a way that when it is inserted into the appropriate lock the lock's mechanism can be rotated

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

ladder's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

loadsnounUS /loʊdz/

a large number or amount

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

LovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

mightyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪti/

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

mirthnounUS /mɜːrθ/

great merriment

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

mistsnounUS /mɪsts/

plural of “mist” — a thin fog with condensation near the ground

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

mountverbUS /maʊnt/

attach to a support

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

PlantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

QuitverbUS /kwɪt/

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

refinedadjectiveUS /rəˈfaɪnd/

(used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

rootnounUS /ruːt/

(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

seedsnounUS /siːdz/

plural of “seed” — a small hard fruit

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

SleepsnounUS /sliːps/

plural of “sleep” — a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

snaresnounUS /snerz/

plural of “snare” — something (often something deceptively attractive) that catches you unawares

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

StriveverbUS /straɪv/

attempt by employing effort

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

subtilty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

SureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

surprisesnounUS /sərˈpraɪzɪz/

plural of “surprise” — the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 3 Sure mighty Love, foreseeing the descent Of this poor creature, by a gracious art Hid in these low things snares to gain his heart, And laid surprises in each element.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

upwardsadverbUS /ˈʌpwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

Water'snounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

possessive form of “water” — binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading 5 How do they cast off grossness? only earth And man, like Issachar, in loads delight, Water's refined to motion, air to light, Fire to all three,[1] but man hath no such mirth.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading 4 All things here show him heaven; waters that fall Chide and fly up; mists of corruptest foam Quit their first beds and mount; trees, herbs, flowers, all Strive upwards still, and point him the way home.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading 7 All have their keys and set ascents; but man Though he knows these, and hath more of his own, Sleeps at the ladder's foot; alas! what can These new discoveries do, except they drown?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading 6 Plants in the root with earth do most comply, Their leaves with water and humidity, The flowers to air draw near and subtilty, And seeds a kindred fire have with the sky.

Chapter 23 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known by George [Editor] Gilfillan holds 263 sentences, grouped into 53 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known contain?

Chapter 23 holds 263 sentences of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known, unabridged, divided into 53 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known by George [Editor] Gilfillan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 263 sentences, grouped into 53 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known?

Work through the 53 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 53 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Common questions about reading Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known by George [Editor] Gilfillan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known?

Yes. All 10176 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9670 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9670, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2036 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known section by section

How to work through Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known

Words and structures a reader meets early in Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Specimens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memoirs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Less-known
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
British
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.