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Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3
Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 is here in full — 293 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/58 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.
He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.
Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'
He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.
His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 is here in full — 293 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.
Line 2
He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.
Line 3
Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'
Line 4
He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.
Line 5
His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attributes noun US /ˈætrəbjuːts/

plural of “attribute” — a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

From this reading “Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'”

churchyard noun US /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading “He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.”

erected verb US /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading “He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.”

Farmer's noun US /ˈfɑːrmərz/

possessive form of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading “His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.”

inscription noun US /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading “He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.”

monument noun US /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading “He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.”

perished verb US /ˈperɪʃt/

past form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading “Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.”

soars noun US /sɔːrz/

plural of “soar” — the act of rising upward into the air

From this reading “He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

attributesnounUS /ˈætrəbjuːts/

plural of “attribute” — a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

From this reading Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

BurnsnounUS /bɜːrnz/

United States comedian and film actor (1896-1996)

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

calibrenoun

a degree or grade of excellence or worth

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

Canongate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

churchyardnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

daguerreotypes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

erectedverbUS /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

Farmer'snounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

possessive form of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

Fergusson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

gloriousadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɔːriəs/

having or deserving or conferring glory

From this reading Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

idealadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

Ingle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

inscriptionnounUS /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

livelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪvli/

full of life and energy

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

pairts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'

perishedverbUS /ˈperɪʃt/

past form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Burns in one of his poems attributes to Fergusson 'glorious pairts.'

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

singverbUS /sɪŋ/

deliver by singing

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

soarsnounUS /sɔːrz/

plural of “soar” — the act of rising upward into the air

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading His best poems, such as 'The Farmer's Ingle,' are just lively daguerreotypes of the life he saw around him--there is nothing ideal or lofty in any of them.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

twenty-fourthadjective

coming next after the twenty-third in position

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was buried in the Canongate churchyard, where Burns afterwards erected a monument to his memory, with an inscription which is familiar to most of our readers.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Thus in his twenty-fourth year perished Robert Fergusson.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading He was certainly a youth of remarkable powers, although 'pairts' rather than high genius seems to express his calibre, he can hardly be said to sing, and he never soars.

Chapter 8 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 by George [Editor] Gilfillan holds 293 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 293 sentences of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 by George [Editor] Gilfillan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 293 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3

Common questions about reading Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 by George [Editor] Gilfillan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3?

Yes. All 3453 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9669 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9669, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 take to read?

About 287 minutes of reading across 691 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 section by section

How to work through Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Specimens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memoirs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Less-known
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
British
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Specimens with Memoirs of the Less-known British — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.