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Speeches: Literary and Social
Speeches: Literary and Social

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Speeches: Literary and Social is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Charles Dickens • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for Speeches: Literary and Social
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”
INTRODUCTION.
CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.
At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.
But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Speeches: Literary and Social

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Speeches: Literary and Social is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”
/wɪð ˈtʃæptərz ɑːn tʃɑːrlz ˈdɪkənz æz ə ˈletər ˈraɪtər ˈpoʊət ənd ˈpʌblɪk ˈriːdər/
Line 2
INTRODUCTION.
/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/
Line 3
CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.
Line 4
At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.
/æt ðæt taɪm hɪz ˈfɑːðər ˈmɪstər dʒɑːn ˈdɪkənz held æn ˈɔːfɪs ɪn ðə ˈneɪvi peɪ dɪˈpɑːrtmənt ðə ˈduːtiz ʌv wɪtʃ əˈblaɪdʒd hɪm tuː rɪˈzaɪd ˈɔːltərnətli æt ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ˈneɪvəl ˈsteɪʃənz ʌv ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 5
But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alternately adverb US /ˈɔːltərnətli/

in an alternating sequence or position

From this reading “At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
chapters noun US /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading “WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.””

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
dickens noun US /ˈdɪkənz/

a word used in exclamations of confusion

From this reading “WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.””

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
naval adjective US /ˈneɪvəl/

connected with or belonging to or used in a navy

From this reading “At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Portsmouth noun US /ˈpɔːrtsməθ/

a port city in southeastern Virginia on the Elizabeth River opposite Norfolk; naval base; shipyards

From this reading “CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
reduction noun US /rəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of decreasing or reducing something

From this reading “But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
reside verb US /rɪˈzaɪd/

make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading “At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
stations noun US /ˈsteɪʃənz/

(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary

From this reading “At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1812

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

Pending verification
1815

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

Pending verification
7

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

Pending verification
AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
alternatelyadverbUS /ˈɔːltərnətli/

in an alternating sequence or position

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
branchnounUS /bræntʃ/

a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
CHAPTERSnounUS /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CHARLESnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DepartmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DICKENSnounUS /ˈdɪkənz/

a word used in exclamations of confusion

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading INTRODUCTION.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Landport

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

Pending verification
LETTERnounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
navaladjectiveUS /ˈneɪvəl/

connected with or belonging to or used in a navy

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
NavynounUS /ˈneɪvi/

an organization of military vessels belonging to a country and available for sea warfare

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
PayverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
POETnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
PortsmouthnounUS /ˈpɔːrtsməθ/

a port city in southeastern Virginia on the Elizabeth River opposite Norfolk; naval base; shipyards

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
PUBLICnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
READERnounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
reductionnounUS /rəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of decreasing or reducing something

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
resideverbUS /rɪˈzaɪd/

make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
stationsnounUS /ˈsteɪʃənz/

(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But on the conclusion of peace in 1815 a considerable reduction was made by Government in this branch of the public service.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading CHARLES DICKENS was born at Landport, Portsmouth, on February 7, 1812.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading At that time his father, Mr. John Dickens, held an office in the Navy Pay Department, the duties of which obliged him to reside alternately at the principal naval stations of England.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
WRITERnounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading WITH CHAPTERS ON “CHARLES DICKENS AS A LETTER WRITER, POET, AND PUBLIC READER.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Chapter 1 of Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens holds 103 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Speeches: Literary and Social contain?

Chapter 1 holds 103 sentences of Speeches: Literary and Social, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 103 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Speeches: Literary and Social?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Speeches: Literary and Social

Common questions about reading Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Speeches: Literary and Social?

Yes. All 2759 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #824 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Speeches: Literary and Social is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #824, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Speeches: Literary and Social

Words and structures a reader meets early in Speeches: Literary and Social, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dickens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.