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Speeches: Literary and Social
Speeches: Literary and Social

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Speeches: Literary and Social is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
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Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.
He has not soughtat least he has not yet soughtto deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.
He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.
He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Speeches: Literary and Social

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Speeches: Literary and Social is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.
/ˈaʊər frend hæz delt wɪð ðə ˈkɑːmən ˈfiːlɪŋz ənd ˈpæʃənz ʌv ˈɔːrdəneri men ɪn ðə ˈkɑːmən ənd ˈɔːrdəneri pæðz ʌv laɪf/
Line 2
He has not soughtat least he has not yet soughtto deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.
Line 3
He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.
/hiː hæz ˈmɪŋɡəld ɪn ðə ˈkɑːmən wɔːks ʌv laɪf hiː hæz meɪd hɪmˈself fəˈmɪljər wɪð ðə ˈloʊər ˈɔːrdərz ʌv səˈsaɪəti/
Line 4
He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.
Line 5

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

afar adverb US /əˈfɑːr/

(old-fashioned) at or from or to a great distance; far

From this reading “He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.”

conspicuous adjective US /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading “He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.”

dealt verb US /delt/

inflected form of “deal” — act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading ““Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.”

deterred verb US /dɪˈtɜːrd/

inflected form of “deter” — try to prevent; show opposition to

From this reading “He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.”

elevated adjective US /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading “He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.”

paths noun US /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading ““Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.”

stations noun US /ˈsteɪʃənz/

(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary

From this reading “He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.”

wickedness noun US /ˈwɪkədnəs/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading “He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

afaradverbUS /əˈfɑːr/

(old-fashioned) at or from or to a great distance; far

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

beatenadjectiveUS /ˈbiːtən/

formed or made thin by hammering

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

conspicuousadjectiveUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

dealtverbUS /delt/

inflected form of “deal” — act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

deterredverbUS /dɪˈtɜːrd/

inflected form of “deter” — try to prevent; show opposition to

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

endeavoured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

feelingsnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

guiltnounUS /ɡɪlt/

the state of having committed an offense

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

mingledverbUS /ˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “mingle” — to bring or combine together or with something else

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

passionsnounUS /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

pathsnounUS /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

seekingnounUS /ˈsiːkɪŋ/

the act of searching for something

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

stationsnounUS /ˈsteɪʃənz/

(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

transmuteverb

change in outward structure or looks

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

vicenounUS /vaɪs/

moral weakness

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

walksnounUS /wɔːks/

plural of “walk” — the act of traveling by foot

From this reading He has mingled in the common walks of life; he has made himself familiar with the lower orders of society.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

wickednessnounUS /ˈwɪkədnəs/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading He has not been deterred by the aspect of vice and wickedness, and misery and guilt, from seeking a spirit of good in things evil, but has endeavoured by the might of genius to transmute what was base into what is precious as the beaten gold.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “Our friend has dealt with the common feelings and passions of ordinary men in the common and ordinary paths of life.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading He has not sought—at least he has not yet sought—to deal with those thoughts and passions that are made conspicuous from afar by the elevated stations of those who experience them.

Chapter 2 of Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens holds 107 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Speeches: Literary and Social contain?

Chapter 2 holds 107 sentences of Speeches: Literary and Social, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 107 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Speeches: Literary and Social?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Speeches: Literary and Social

Common questions about reading Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Speeches: Literary and Social?

Yes. All 2759 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #824 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Speeches: Literary and Social is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #824, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Speeches: Literary and Social take to read?

About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Speeches: Literary and Social section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Speeches: Literary and Social

Words and structures a reader meets early in Speeches: Literary and Social, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dickens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.