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Speeches: Literary and Social
Speeches: Literary and Social

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Speeches: Literary and Social is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This is the case with the Artists Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.
There are in existence three artists funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.
I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.
I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.
When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Speeches: Literary and Social

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Speeches: Literary and Social is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This is the case with the ArtistsBenevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.
Line 2
There are in existence three artistsfunds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.
/ðer ɑːr ɪn eɡˈzɪstəns θriː ˈɑːrtɪsts fʌndz wɪtʃ ɔːt ˈnevər tuː biː ˈmenʃənd wɪˈθaʊt rɪˈspekt/
Line 3
I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.
/aɪ æm æn ˈɔːfəsər ʌv wʌn ʌv ðem ənd kæn spiːk frʌm ˈnɑːlədʒ bʌt ɑːn ðɪs əˈkeɪʒən aɪ ˈædres ˌmaɪˈself tuː ə keɪs fɔːr wɪtʃ ðer ɪz noʊ prəˈvɪʒən/
Line 4
I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.
/aɪ ˈædres juː ɑːn bɪˈhæf ʌv ðoʊz prəˈfesərz ʌv ðə faɪn ɑːrts huː hæv meɪd prəˈvɪʒən ˈdʊrɪŋ laɪf ənd ɪn səbˈmɪtɪŋ tuː juː ðer kleɪmz aɪ æm ˈoʊnli ˈædvəkeɪtɪŋ ˈprɪnsəpəlz wɪtʃ aɪ ˌmaɪˈself hæv ˈɔːlweɪz meɪnˈteɪnd/
Line 5
When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.
/wen aɪ æd ðæt ðɪs bəˈnevələnt fʌnd meɪks noʊ prəˈtenʃənz tuː dʒenˈtɪlɪti ˈskwɑːndərz noʊ ˈtreʒər ɪn ˈkiːpɪŋ ʌp əˈpɪrənsəz ðæt ɪt kənˈsɪdərz ðæt ðə ˈmʌni ˈɡɪvən fɔːr ðə ˈwɪdoʊ ənd ðə ˈɔːrfən ʃʊd ˈrɪli biː held fɔːr ðə ˈwɪdoʊ ənd ðə ˈɔːrfən aɪ θɪŋk aɪ hæv ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ðə keɪs wɪtʃ aɪ dɪˈzaɪər moʊst ˈstrenjuːəsli tuː kəˈmend tuː juː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advocating verb US /ˈædvəkeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “advocate” — push for something

From this reading “I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.”

considers verb US /kənˈsɪdərz/

third-person singular of “consider” — deem to be

From this reading “When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.”

gentility noun US /dʒenˈtɪlɪti/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading “When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.”

mouthpiece noun US /ˈmaʊθpiːs/

a part that goes over or into the mouth of a person

From this reading “This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.”

regulated adjective US /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading “This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.”

squanders verb US /ˈskwɑːndərz/

third-person singular of “squander” — spend thoughtlessly; throw away

From this reading “When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.”

strenuously adverb US /ˈstrenjuːəsli/

in a strenuous manner; strongly or vigorously

From this reading “When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.”

submitting verb US /səbˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading “I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

advocatingverbUS /ˈædvəkeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “advocate” — push for something

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

appearancesnounUS /əˈpɪrənsəz/

plural of “appearance” — outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

ArtistsnounUS /ˈɑːrtɪsts/

plural of “artist” — a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

artsnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

behalfnounUS /bɪˈhæf/

as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as “on behalf of” rather than “in behalf of”)

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

BenevolentadjectiveUS /bəˈnevələnt/

intending or showing kindness

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

claimsnounUS /kleɪmz/

plural of “claim” — an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

Cockers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

commendverbUS /kəˈmend/

express approval of

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

considersverbUS /kənˈsɪdərz/

third-person singular of “consider” — deem to be

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

FundnounUS /fʌnd/

a reserve of money set aside for some purpose

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

fundsnounUS /fʌndz/

assets in the form of money

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

gentilitynounUS /dʒenˈtɪlɪti/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

GospelnounUS /ˈɡɑːspəl/

the four books in the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) that tell the story of Christ's life and teachings

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

independentadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/

free from external control and constraint

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

maintainedadjectiveUS /meɪnˈteɪnd/

kept in good condition

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

mouthpiecenounUS /ˈmaʊθpiːs/

a part that goes over or into the mouth of a person

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

orphannounUS /ˈɔːrfən/

a child who has lost both parents

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

pretensionsnounUS /prəˈtenʃənz/

plural of “pretension” — a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

professorsnounUS /prəˈfesərz/

plural of “professor” — someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

provisionnounUS /prəˈvɪʒən/

a stipulated condition

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

regulatedadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

squandersverbUS /ˈskwɑːndərz/

third-person singular of “squander” — spend thoughtlessly; throw away

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

statingverbUS /ˈsteɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “state” — express in words

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

strenuouslyadverbUS /ˈstrenjuːəsli/

in a strenuous manner; strongly or vigorously

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

submittingverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I am an officer of one of them, and can speak from knowledge; but on this occasion I address myself to a case for which there is no provision.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading I address you on behalf of those professors of the fine arts who have made provision during life, and in submitting to you their claims I am only advocating principles which I myself have always maintained.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

treasurenounUS /ˈtreʒər/

accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc.

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

widownounUS /ˈwɪdoʊ/

a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading When I add that this Benevolent Fund makes no pretensions to gentility, squanders no treasure in keeping up appearances, that it considers that the money given for the widow and the orphan, should really be held for the widow and the orphan, I think I have exhausted the case, which I desire most strenuously to commend to you.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading There are in existence three artists’ funds, which ought never to be mentioned without respect.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading This is the case with the Artists’ Benevolent Fund, and in stating this I am only the mouthpiece of three hundred of the trade, who in truth stands as independent before you as if they were three hundred Cockers all regulated by the Gospel according to themselves.

Chapter 20 of Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens holds 110 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Speeches: Literary and Social contain?

Chapter 20 holds 110 sentences of Speeches: Literary and Social, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Speeches: Literary and Social by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 110 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Speeches: Literary and Social?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #824, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Speeches: Literary and Social

Words and structures a reader meets early in Speeches: Literary and Social, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapters
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Charles
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Dickens
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Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Speeches: Literary and Social; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.