Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus
Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
FROM GOKTCHAI TO LENKORAN.
Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.
The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.
There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.
The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FROM GOKTCHAI TO LENKORAN.
Line 2
Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.
Line 3
The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.
Line 4
There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ðæt krɪsp ˈreɪsinəs ɪn ðə er wɪtʃ ˈkærid ʌs θruː ðə deɪz wɜːrk wɪð kəmˈperətɪv iːz ənd ˈpleʒər bʌt ə ˈstedi koʊld reɪn wɪð əˈkeɪʒənəl ˈsnoʊstɔːrmz ˈblaɪndɪd ðə sʌn ənd tʃeɪndʒd ðə roʊdz ˈɪntuː mərˈæsɪz/
Line 5
The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

morasses noun US /mərˈæsɪz/

plural of “morass” — a soft wet area of low-lying land that sinks underfoot

From this reading “There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.”

naphtha noun US /ˈnæfθə/

any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solvents

From this reading “Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.”

orgies noun US /ˈɔːrdʒiz/

plural of “orgy” — any act of immoderate indulgence

From this reading “Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.”

Pelicans noun US /ˈpelɪkənz/

plural of “pelican” — large long-winged warm-water seabird having a large bill with a distensible pouch for fish

From this reading “Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.”

raciness noun US /ˈreɪsinəs/

a strong odor or taste property

From this reading “There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.”

Samaritan noun US /səˈmerɪtən/

a member of the people inhabiting Samaria in biblical times

From this reading “Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.”

snowstorms noun US /ˈsnoʊstɔːrmz/

plural of “snowstorm” — a storm with widespread snowfall accompanied by strong winds

From this reading “There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.”

steppe noun US /step/

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

From this reading “Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

cold rain adjective + noun

In this reading “There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.”

change in verb + particle

In this reading “The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.”

in the air preposition + article + noun counted as “in … air”

on everybody's mind

In this reading “There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.”

for the winter preposition + article + noun counted as “for … winter”

In this reading “The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.”

remained for verb + particle counted as “remain for”

In this reading “The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.”

All words in this reading · 118

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

Aksu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

ArrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

AsiaticnounUS /ˌeɪʒiˈætɪk/

a native or inhabitant of Asia

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

BanishedverbUS /ˈbænɪʃt/

past form of “banish” — expel from a community or group

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

blindedadjectiveUS /ˈblaɪndɪd/

deprived of sight

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

Bustards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

comparativeadjectiveUS /kəmˈperətɪv/

relating to or based on or involving comparison

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

crispadjectiveUS /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

DisappointedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

Fellow-sportsmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

fevernounUS /ˈfiːvər/

a rise in the temperature of the body; frequently a symptom of infection

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading FROM GOKTCHAI TO LENKORAN.

Gerdaoul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

GOKTCHAI

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FROM GOKTCHAI TO LENKORAN.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

guidesnounUS /ɡaɪdz/

plural of “guide” — someone employed to conduct others

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

gunsmithnoun

someone who makes or repairs guns

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

hopesnounUS /hoʊps/

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

hostsnounUS /hoʊsts/

plural of “host” — a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

LENKORAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FROM GOKTCHAI TO LENKORAN.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

Molochans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

Mooghan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

morassesnounUS /mərˈæsɪz/

plural of “morass” — a soft wet area of low-lying land that sinks underfoot

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

MudnounUS /mʌd/

water soaked soil; soft wet earth

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

myriads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

naphthanounUS /ˈnæfθə/

any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solvents

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

occasionaladjectiveUS /əˈkeɪʒənəl/

occurring from time to time

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

orgiesnounUS /ˈɔːrdʒiz/

plural of “orgy” — any act of immoderate indulgence

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

PelicansnounUS /ˈpelɪkənz/

plural of “pelican” — large long-winged warm-water seabird having a large bill with a distensible pouch for fish

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

PersiannounUS /ˈpɜːrʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

post-road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

post-roads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

predictedverbUS /prɪˈdɪktɪd/

past form of “predict” — make a prediction about; tell in advance

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

racinessnounUS /ˈreɪsinəs/

a strong odor or taste property

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

rascallyadjective

playful in an appealingly bold way

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

RivalverbUS /ˈraɪvəl/

be equal to in quality or ability

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

RoughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

Saliannoun

a member of the tribe of Franks who settled in the Netherlands in the 4th century AD

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

SamaritannounUS /səˈmerɪtən/

a member of the people inhabiting Samaria in biblical times

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

sectaries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

Shemakha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

ShootingnounUS /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

Skoptsi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

snow-cladadjective

covered with snow

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

snowstormsnounUS /ˈsnoʊstɔːrmz/

plural of “snowstorm” — a storm with widespread snowfall accompanied by strong winds

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

springsnounUS /sprɪŋz/

plural of “spring” — the season of growth

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

stationnounUS /ˈsteɪʃən/

a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

steadyverbUS /ˈstedi/

make steady

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

steppenounUS /step/

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

SwarmsnounUS /swɔːrmz/

plural of “swarm” — a moving crowd

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

Tarantasses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

TartarnounUS /ˈtɑːrtər/

a salt used especially in baking powder

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FROM GOKTCHAI TO LENKORAN.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

volcanoesnounUS /vɑːlˈkeɪnoʊz/

plural of “volcano” — a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

wakingadjectiveUS /ˈweɪ.kɪŋ/

Risen from sleep; conscious.

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading The day after our return to the post-road, we found on waking that the change in the weather predicted by our mountain guides had already set in.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

wild-fowl

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading The hills were already snow-clad in that one night, and had we not left Gerdaoul when we did, we might have remained for the winter.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading There was no longer that crisp raciness in the air which carried us through the day’s work with comparative ease and pleasure, but a steady cold rain, with occasional snowstorms, blinded the sun and changed the roads into morasses.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading Rough travelling--Shooting by the way--Shemakha and Aksu--Tarantasses and post-roads--A wretched station--Mud volcanoes and naphtha springs--Bustards--On the road to Salian--Swarms of wild-fowl--A rascally official--Disappointed hopes--A good Samaritan--Rival hosts--Asiatic fever--The Mooghan steppe--Pelicans and myriads of other birds--Tartar orgies--Banished sectaries: the Molochans and Skoptsi--Arrival at Lenkoran--A Persian gunsmith--Fellow-sportsmen.

Chapter 13 of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus by Clive Phillipps-Wolley holds 174 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus contain?

Chapter 13 holds 174 sentences of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus by Clive Phillipps-Wolley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 174 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus

Common questions about reading Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus by Clive Phillipps-Wolley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus?

Yes. All 2756 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48835 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48835, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus take to read?

About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus section by section

How to work through Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sport
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crimea
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Outfit--the
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Droshky--a
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sport in the Crimea and Caucasus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.