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St. Bernard's
St. Bernard's

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of St. Bernard's is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AN EPICURE OF PAIN.
I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.
In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.
Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.
It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

St. Bernard's

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of St. Bernard's is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN EPICURE OF PAIN.
/æn ˈepɪkjʊr ʌv peɪn/
Line 2
I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.
Line 3
In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.
Line 4
Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.
/ˈfʊlər ðə ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən ənd ˈmeɪntənəns ʌv sʌtʃ ˈpʌblɪk ˈtʃerətiz æz ˈhɑːspɪtəlz fɔːr ðə ɡrəˈtuːətəs rɪˈliːf ʌv ˈsɪknəs ɔːl ˈoʊvər ˈjʊrəp ɑːr dərˈektli duː tuː ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti noʊ ˈʌðər rɪˈlɪdʒən ɔːr ˈpɑːləsi ɪkˈsept ˈbuːdɪzəm ɪn ɪts praɪm ˈevər blest ðə wɜːrld wɪð sʌtʃ ə fɔːrm ʌv ˈtʃerɪti/
Line 5
It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.
/ɪt hæz bɪˈkʌm ə ˈrekəɡnaɪzd aɪˈdiːə ɪn ˈaʊər deɪ ðæt ə puːr sɪk mæn hæz ə raɪt tuː biː rɪˈstɔːrd tuː helθ æt ðə hændz ʌv ə ˈkrɪstʃən ˈpiːpəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Buddhism noun US /ˈbuːdɪzəm/

a religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha

From this reading “Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.”

charities noun US /ˈtʃerətiz/

plural of “charity” — a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)

From this reading “Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.”

epicure noun US /ˈepɪkjʊr/

a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)

From this reading “AN EPICURE OF PAIN.”

exaggerate verb US /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/

to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth

From this reading “In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.”

gratuitous adjective US /ɡrəˈtuːətəs/

without cause

From this reading “Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.”

improves verb US /ˌɪmˈpruːvz/

third-person singular of “improve” — to make better

From this reading “In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.”

lavishes verb US /ˈlævɪʃəz/

third-person singular of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading “In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.”

philanthropy noun US /fɪˈlænθrəpi/

voluntary promotion of human welfare

From this reading “In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

civil authorities adjective + noun

In this reading “I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.”

public charities noun + noun counted as “public charity”

a charity that is deemed to receive the major part of its support from the public (rather than from a small group of individuals)

In this reading “Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.”

sick man adjective + noun

In this reading “It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.”

by degrees preposition + noun counted as “by degree”

In this reading “In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.”

in reality preposition + noun

used to imply that one would expect the fact to be the opposite of that stated; surprisingly

In this reading “In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN EPICURE OF PAIN.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

authoritiesnounUS /əˈθɔːrətiz/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

Balmez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

blessedadjectiveUS /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

BuddhismnounUS /ˈbuːdɪzəm/

a religion represented by the many groups (especially in Asia) that profess various forms of the Buddhist doctrine and that venerate Buddha

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

charitiesnounUS /ˈtʃerətiz/

plural of “charity” — a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

charitynounUS /ˈtʃerɪti/

a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

ChristianitynounUS /ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti/

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

civiladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

crueltynounUS /ˈkruːlti/

a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

EPICUREnounUS /ˈepɪkjʊr/

a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)

From this reading AN EPICURE OF PAIN.

epicurizing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

exaggerateverbUS /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/

to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

FullernounUS /ˈfʊlər/

United States jurist and chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1833-1910)

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

gratuitousadjectiveUS /ɡrəˈtuːətəs/

without cause

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

hospitalsnounUS /ˈhɑːspɪtəlz/

plural of “hospital” — a health facility where patients receive treatment

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

improvesverbUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvz/

third-person singular of “improve” — to make better

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

institutionnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/

an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

interventionnounUS /ˌɪntərˈvenʃən/

the act of intervening (as to mediate a dispute, etc.)

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

lavishesverbUS /ˈlævɪʃəz/

third-person singular of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

lovesnounUS /lʌvz/

plural of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

maintenancenounUS /ˈmeɪntənəns/

activity involved in maintaining something in good working order

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

men'snounUS /menz/

a public toilet for men

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

necessitiesnounUS /nəˈsesɪtiz/

plural of “necessity” — the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AN EPICURE OF PAIN.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

PAINnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading AN EPICURE OF PAIN.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

philanthropynounUS /fɪˈlænθrəpi/

voluntary promotion of human welfare

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

pitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

primeadjectiveUS /praɪm/

first in rank or degree

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

prodigalnounUS /ˈprɑːdɪɡəl/

a recklessly extravagant consumer

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

recognisedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

provided with a secure reputation

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

reliefnounUS /rɪˈliːf/

the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

reportsnounUS /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

sicknessnounUS /ˈsɪknəs/

impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

spendingnounUS /ˈspendɪŋ/

the act of spending or disbursing money

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

succournoun

assistance in time of difficulty

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It has become a recognised idea in our day that a poor sick man has a right to be restored to health at the hands of a Christian people.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

Thos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

thriftilyadverb

in a thrifty manner

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading In reports presented to the public, philanthropy may and will exaggerate the care which it lavishes on the unfortunate, but things will not be so in reality.—_Balmez._ He loves not to be prodigal of men’s lives, but thriftily improves the objects of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and epicurizing on their pain.—_Thos.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading I pity the unfortunate who, in their necessities, find only the succour of the civil authorities, without the intervention of Christian charity.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Fuller._ The institution and maintenance of such public charities as hospitals for the gratuitous relief of sickness all over Europe are directly due to Christianity; no other religion or policy, except Buddhism in its prime, ever blessed the world with such a form of charity.

Chapter 16 of St. Bernard's by Edward Berdoe holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of St. Bernard's contain?

Chapter 16 holds 76 sentences of St. Bernard's, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of St. Bernard's by Edward Berdoe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of St. Bernard's?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading St. Bernard's

Common questions about reading St. Bernard's by Edward Berdoe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of St. Bernard's?

Yes. All 3458 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46431 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of St. Bernard's is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46431, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does St. Bernard's take to read?

About 288 minutes of reading across 692 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read St. Bernard's section by section

How to work through St. Bernard's section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of St. Bernard's to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in St. Bernard's

Words and structures a reader meets early in St. Bernard's, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Bernard's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
October
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Bernard's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Homines
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Bernard's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Proprius
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Bernard's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.