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St. Elmo
St. Elmo

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of St. Elmo is here in full — 369 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for St. Elmo
Context Illustration Reading 1/73 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."
"Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.
"I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."
As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:
"The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

St. Elmo

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of St. Elmo is here in full — 369 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/73 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."
Line 2
"Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.
/waɪ dɪd juː nɑːt seɪ wiː wɜːr æt ˈdɪnər kraɪd ˈmɪsɪz ˈmɜːri ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəntli ˈdɑːrtɪŋ æn ˈæŋɡri ɡlæns æt ðə ˈsɜːrvənt/
Line 3
"I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."
/aɪ dɪd mæm bʌt ðeɪ sed ðeɪ wʊd weɪt/
Line 4
As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:
Line 5
"The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

darting verb US /ˈdɑːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “dart” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading “"Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.”

furtively adverb US /ˈfɜːrtɪvli/

in a furtive manner

From this reading “As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:”

grapes noun US /ɡreɪps/

plural of “grape” — any of various juicy fruit of the genus Vitis with green or purple skins; grow in clusters

From this reading “As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:”

ma'am noun US /mæm/

a woman of refinement

From this reading “"I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."”

Murray noun US /ˈmɜːri/

British classical scholar (born in Australia) who advocated the League of Nations and the United Nations (1866-1957)

From this reading “"Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.”

napkin noun US /ˈnæpkɪn/

a small piece of table linen that is used to wipe the mouth and to cover the lap in order to protect clothing

From this reading “As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:”

Powell noun US /ˈpaʊəl/

United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)

From this reading “"Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."”

vineyards noun US /ˈvɪnjərdz/

plural of “vineyard” — a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced

From this reading “"The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

Axarquia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

bunchnounUS /bʌntʃ/

a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

dartingverbUS /ˈdɑːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “dart” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

Edna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

Elmo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

Estelle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

foldedverbUS /ˈfoʊldəd/

past form of “fold” — bend or lay so that one part covers the other

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

furtivelyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrtɪvli/

in a furtive manner

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

grapesnounUS /ɡreɪps/

plural of “grape” — any of various juicy fruit of the genus Vitis with green or purple skins; grow in clusters

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

impatientlyadverbUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

with impatience; in an impatient manner

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

indifferentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

ma'amnounUS /mæm/

a woman of refinement

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading "The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

MurraynounUS /ˈmɜːri/

British classical scholar (born in Australia) who advocated the League of Nations and the United Nations (1866-1957)

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

napkinnounUS /ˈnæpkɪn/

a small piece of table linen that is used to wipe the mouth and to cover the lap in order to protect clothing

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading "The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading "The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

PowellnounUS /ˈpaʊəl/

United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

purplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading "The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

slippedverbUS /slɪpt/

inflected form of “slip” — move stealthily

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Mrs. Powell and her daughter to see Miss Estelle and Miss Edna."

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

vineyardsnounUS /ˈvɪnjərdz/

plural of “vineyard” — a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced

From this reading "The vineyards of Axarquia show nothing more perfect.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading As Estelle folded up her napkin and slipped it into the silver ring, she looked furtively at St. Elmo, who, holding up a bunch of purple grapes, said in an indifferent tone to his mother:

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "I did, ma'am, but they said they would wait."

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Why did you not say we were at dinner?" cried Mrs. Murray, impatiently, darting an angry glance at the servant.

Chapter 20 of St. Elmo by Augusta J. (Augusta Jane) Evans holds 369 sentences, grouped into 74 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of St. Elmo contain?

Chapter 20 holds 369 sentences of St. Elmo, unabridged, divided into 74 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of St. Elmo by Augusta J. (Augusta Jane) Evans exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 369 sentences, grouped into 74 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of St. Elmo?

Work through the 74 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 74 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading St. Elmo

Common questions about reading St. Elmo by Augusta J. (Augusta Jane) Evans on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of St. Elmo?

Yes. All 8016 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4553 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of St. Elmo is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4553, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does St. Elmo take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1604 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read St. Elmo section by section

How to work through St. Elmo section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of St. Elmo to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in St. Elmo

Words and structures a reader meets early in St. Elmo, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Measured
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Earth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Everlasting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.