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St. Elmo
St. Elmo

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of St. Elmo is here in full — 286 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.
Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.
Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.
Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.
Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

St. Elmo

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of St. Elmo is here in full — 286 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.
Line 2
Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.
Line 3
Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.
/hɜːr ˈreɡjələr ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃənz tuː ðə ˈmæɡəziːn enˈhænst hɜːr ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən ənd ˈbrɔːdənd ðə sfɪr ʌv hɜːr ˈɪnfluːəns/
Line 4
Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.
/proʊˈfaʊndli ˌɪmˈprest baɪ ðə kənˈvɪkʃən ðæt ʃiː held hɜːr ˈtælənt ɪn trʌst ʃiː wɜːrkt ˈstedəli ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈniːðər tuː ðə raɪt nɔːr left bʌt ˈkiːpɪŋ hɜːr aɪz fɪkst əˈpɑːn ðæt deɪ wen ʃiː ʃʊd biː kɔːld tuː ˈrendər æn əˈkaʊnt tuː hɪm huː wʊd dɪˈmænd hɪz oʊn wɪð ˈɪntrəst/
Line 5
Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.
/ˌɪnˈsted ʌv bɪˈkʌmɪŋ flʌʃt wɪð səkˈses ʃiː ɡruː ˈdeɪli mɔːr ˈkɔːʃəs mɔːr ˈtɪmɪd lest ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns ɔːr heɪst ʃʊd bɪˈtreɪ hɜːr ˈɪntuː ˈerərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

broadened verb US /ˈbrɔːdənd/

past form of “broaden” — make broader

From this reading “Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.”

Ceres noun US /ˈsɪriz/

(Roman mythology) goddess of agriculture; counterpart of Greek Demeter

From this reading “Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.”

contributions noun US /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃənz/

plural of “contribution” — the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading “Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.”

embodies verb US /emˈbɑːdiz/

third-person singular of “embody” — represent in bodily form

From this reading “The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.”

enhanced adjective US /enˈhænst/

increased or intensified in value or beauty or quality

From this reading “Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.”

exemplify verb US /ɪɡˈzempləfaɪ/

be characteristic of

From this reading “The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.”

inadvertence noun US /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns/

an unintentional omission resulting from failure to notice something

From this reading “Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.”

myth noun US /mɪθ/

a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people

From this reading “The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

boonnounUS /buːn/

a desirable state

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

broadenedverbUS /ˈbrɔːdənd/

past form of “broaden” — make broader

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

careernounUS /kərˈɪr/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

cautiousadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːʃəs/

showing careful forethought

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

CeresnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

(Roman mythology) goddess of agriculture; counterpart of Greek Demeter

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

contributionsnounUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃənz/

plural of “contribution” — the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

convictionnounUS /kənˈvɪkʃən/

an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

criticsnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪks/

plural of “critic” — a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

demandnounUS /dɪˈmænd/

an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

Demophoon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

disguisedadjectiveUS /dɪsˈɡaɪzd/

having its true character concealed with the intent of misleading

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

Edna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

embodiesverbUS /emˈbɑːdiz/

third-person singular of “embody” — represent in bodily form

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

enhancedadjectiveUS /enˈhænst/

increased or intensified in value or beauty or quality

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

errorsnounUS /ˈerərz/

plural of “error” — a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

exemplifyverbUS /ɪɡˈzempləfaɪ/

be characteristic of

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

fieryadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪəri/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

flamesnounUS /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

flushedadjectiveUS /flʌʃt/

having the pinkish flush of health

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

fortunatelyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by good fortune

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

HarshadjectiveUS /hɑːrʃ/

unpleasantly stern

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

hastenounUS /heɪst/

overly eager speed (and possible carelessness)

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

HimpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

immortalitynounUS /ˌɪmɔːrˈtælɪti/

the quality or state of being immortal

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

impressedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprest/

deeply or markedly affected or influenced

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

inadvertencenounUS /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns/

an unintentional omission resulting from failure to notice something

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

InsteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

lovingadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvɪŋ/

feeling or showing love and affection

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

magazinenounUS /ˈmæɡəziːn/

a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

Metanira

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

mythnounUS /mɪθ/

a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

obtainedverbUS /əbˈteɪnd/

past form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

ordealnounUS /ɔːrˈdiːl/

a severe or trying experience

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

plungedverbUS /plʌndʒd/

past form of “plunge” — thrust or throw into

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

ProfoundlyadverbUS /proʊˈfaʊndli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

renderverbUS /ˈrendər/

cause to become

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

short-sighted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

snatchedverbUS /snætʃt/

past form of “snatch” — to grasp hastily or eagerly

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

spherenounUS /sfɪr/

a particular environment or walk of life

From this reading Her regular contributions to the magazine enhanced her reputation, and broadened the sphere of her influence.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

talentnounUS /ˈtælənt/

natural abilities or qualities

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

timidadjectiveUS /ˈtɪmɪd/

showing fear and lack of confidence

From this reading Instead of becoming flushed with success, she grew daily more cautious, more timid, lest inadvertence or haste should betray her into errors.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

trustnounUS /trʌst/

something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

ultimatelyadverbUS /ˈʌltəmətli/

as the end result of a succession or process

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Greek myth concerning Demophoon embodies a valuable truth, which the literary career of Edna Earl was destined to exemplify.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Profoundly impressed by the conviction that she held her talent in trust, she worked steadily, looking neither to the right nor left, but keeping her eyes fixed upon that day when she should be called to render an account to Him who would demand His own with interest.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Harsh critics, like disguised Ceres, plunged the young author into the flames; and fortunately for her, as no short-sighted, loving Metanira snatched her from the fiery ordeal, she ultimately obtained the boon of immortality.

Chapter 31 of St. Elmo by Augusta J. (Augusta Jane) Evans holds 286 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of St. Elmo contain?

Chapter 31 holds 286 sentences of St. Elmo, unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of St. Elmo by Augusta J. (Augusta Jane) Evans exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 286 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of St. Elmo?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading St. Elmo

Common questions about reading St. Elmo by Augusta J. (Augusta Jane) Evans on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of St. Elmo?

Yes. All 8016 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4553 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of St. Elmo is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4553, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does St. Elmo take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1604 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read St. Elmo section by section

How to work through St. Elmo section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of St. Elmo to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in St. Elmo

Words and structures a reader meets early in St. Elmo, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Measured
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Earth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Everlasting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Elmo; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.