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St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century
St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.
The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.
My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.
The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.
Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.
/ˈɪtəli meɪ biː kənˈsɪdərd æz ðə ˈveri ˈfoʊkəs ənd ˈperənt ʌv ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃəs krɪˈduːləti/
Line 2
The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.
Line 3
My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.
/maɪ ˈɡrɑːtoʊ wɑːz sed tuː biː ðə əˈproʊprieɪtɪd hɔːnt wer ə ˈθaʊzənd ˈdevəlz held ðer ˌɪnˈfɜːrnəl ˈsæbəθ/
Line 4
The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.
Line 5
Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appropriated verb US /əˈproʊprieɪtɪd/

past form of “appropriate” — give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading “My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.”

credulity noun US /krɪˈduːləti/

tendency to believe readily

From this reading “Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.”

fictitious adjective US /fɪkˈtɪʃəs/

formed or conceived by the imagination

From this reading “The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.”

focus noun US /ˈfoʊkəs/

the concentration of attention or energy on something

From this reading “Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.”

grotto noun US /ˈɡrɑːtoʊ/

a small cave (usually with attractive features)

From this reading “My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.”

interrogations noun US /ˌɪnterəˈɡeɪʃənz/

plural of “interrogation” — a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply

From this reading “The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.”

peculiarity noun US /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading “Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.”

superstructure noun US /ˈsuːpərstrʌktʃər/

structure consisting of the part of a ship above the main deck

From this reading “The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

compared with verb + particle counted as “compare with”

In this reading “The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.”

upon the surface preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … surface”

In this reading “The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

agreeableadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːəbəl/

conforming to your own liking or feelings or nature

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

appropriatedverbUS /əˈproʊprieɪtɪd/

past form of “appropriate” — give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

credulitynounUS /krɪˈduːləti/

tendency to believe readily

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

curiositynounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/

a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

dancingnounUS /ˈdænsɪŋ/

taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

devilsnounUS /ˈdevəlz/

plural of “devil” — (Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

distractedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstræktəd/

having the attention diverted especially because of anxiety

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

donzella

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

erectedverbUS /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

familiars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

fictitiousadjectiveUS /fɪkˈtɪʃəs/

formed or conceived by the imagination

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

flamesnounUS /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

focusnounUS /ˈfoʊkəs/

the concentration of attention or energy on something

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

grottonounUS /ˈɡrɑːtoʊ/

a small cave (usually with attractive features)

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

hauntverbUS /hɔːnt/

follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

HectornounUS /ˈhektər/

(Greek mythology) a mythical Trojan who was killed by Achilles during the Trojan War

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

horriblyadverbUS /ˈhɔːrəbli/

of a dreadful kind

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

howlings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

ignorancenounUS /ˈɪɡnərəns/

the lack of knowledge or education

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

infernaladjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɜːrnəl/

characteristic of or resembling Hell

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

intercessornoun

a negotiator who acts as a link between parties

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

interrogationsnounUS /ˌɪnterəˈɡeɪʃənz/

plural of “interrogation” — a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

listeningnounUS /ˈlɪsənɪŋ/

the act of hearing attentively

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

materialsnounUS /məˈtɪriəlz/

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

parentnounUS /ˈperənt/

a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

peculiaritynounUS /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

PooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

presentlyadverbUS /ˈprezəntli/

in the near future

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

renderedverbUS /ˈrendərd/

past form of “render” — cause to become

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

rustics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

sabbathnounUS /ˈsæbəθ/

a day of rest and worship: Sunday for most Christians; Saturday for the Jews and a few Christians; Friday for Muslims

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

shrieksnounUS /ʃriːks/

plural of “shriek” — sharp piercing cry

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

singularlyadverbUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələrli/

in a singular manner or to a singular degree

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

sulphureous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

superstitiousadjectiveUS /ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃəs/

showing ignorance of the laws of nature and faith in magic or chance

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

superstructurenounUS /ˈsuːpərstrʌktʃər/

structure consisting of the part of a ship above the main deck

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

terrifiedadjectiveUS /ˈterəfaɪd/

thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

untamedadjective

in a natural state; not tamed or domesticated or cultivated

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The terrified imagination of the rustics, listening with a temper horribly distracted between curiosity and alarm, created to itself fictitious howlings and shrieks, and saw pale and sulphureous flames dancing upon the surface of the stream.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Italy may be considered as the very focus and parent of superstitious credulity.

victimnounUS /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading Poor Hector was early the victim of their cruel and untamed ignorance; they believed that the peculiarity of his complexion rendered him a singularly agreeable intercessor between me and my infernal familiars.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading My grotto was said to be the appropriated haunt where a thousand devils held their infernal sabbath.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The materials which Hector had furnished, after all the interrogations of the donzella, were slight compared with the superstructure which was presently erected on them.

Chapter 22 of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century by William Godwin holds 112 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century contain?

Chapter 22 holds 112 sentences of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century by William Godwin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 112 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century

Common questions about reading St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century by William Godwin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century?

Yes. All 8088 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53707 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53707, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1618 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century section by section

How to work through St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century

Words and structures a reader meets early in St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Godwin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Colburn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.