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St. Winifred's
St. Winifred's

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of St. Winifred's is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for St. Winifred's
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.
________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.
Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".
There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.
Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

St. Winifred's

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of St. Winifred's is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.
Line 2
________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.
/ðə ˈstɔːri ɪz əˈnʌðər wʌn əˈbaʊt ðə ˈɪntəmət dɪˈteɪlz ʌv ə laɪf ɪn ə bɔɪz ˈbɔːrdɪŋ skuːl ɪn leɪt vɪkˈtɔːriən ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 3
Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".
Line 4
There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.
Line 5
Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.
/bɪˈkɔːz ʌv ðə ˈprɑːbləm ʌv ˈrendərɪŋ ɡriːk skrɪpt ˈɪntuː ˌjʊrəˈpiːən skrɪpt tuː noʊ ɡreɪt ˈpɜːrpəs wiː hæv oʊˈmɪtəd ɔːl ðə ˈlɔːŋɡər ɡriːk kwoʊˈteɪʃənz æt ðə stɑːrt ʌv sʌm ʌv ðə ˈtʃæptərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boarding noun US /ˈbɔːrdɪŋ/

the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft

From this reading “________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.”

episodes noun US /ˈepəsoʊdz/

plural of “episode” — a happening that is distinctive in a series of related events

From this reading “There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.”

Harrow verb US /ˈhæroʊ/

draw a harrow over

From this reading “Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".”

quotations noun US /kwoʊˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “quotation” — a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage

From this reading “There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.”

rendering noun US /ˈrendərɪŋ/

a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.

From this reading “Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.”

script noun US /skrɪpt/

a written version of a play or other dramatic composition; used in preparing for a performance

From this reading “Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.”

spoils noun US /spɔɪlz/

plural of “spoil” — (usually plural) valuables taken by violence (especially in war)

From this reading “There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.”

Victorian adjective US /vɪkˈtɔːriən/

of or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled

From this reading “________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

assistantnounUS /əˈsɪstənt/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

BecauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

boardingnounUS /ˈbɔːrdɪŋ/

the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

chaptersnounUS /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

CollegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

detailsnounUS /dɪˈteɪlz/

true confidential information

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

episodesnounUS /ˈepəsoʊdz/

plural of “episode” — a happening that is distinctive in a series of related events

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

Eric

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

famousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

Farrar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

Farrar's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

Frederic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

HarrowverbUS /ˈhæroʊ/

draw a harrow over

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

HeadnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

intimateadjectiveUS /ˈɪntəmət/

marked by close acquaintance, association, or familiarity

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

Marlborough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

omittedverbUS /oʊˈmɪtəd/

inflected form of “omit” — prevent from being included or considered or accepted

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

problemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

quotationsnounUS /kwoʊˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “quotation” — a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

renderingnounUS /ˈrendərɪŋ/

a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

SchoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

scriptnounUS /skrɪpt/

a written version of a play or other dramatic composition; used in preparing for a performance

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

spoilsnounUS /spɔɪlz/

plural of “spoil” — (usually plural) valuables taken by violence (especially in war)

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

VictorianadjectiveUS /vɪkˈtɔːriən/

of or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled

From this reading ________________________________________________________________________ The story is another one about the intimate details of a life in a boys' boarding school in late Victorian England.

WnounUS /ˈdʌbəljuː/

a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Because of the problem of rendering Greek script into European script, to no great purpose, we have omitted all the longer Greek quotations at the start of some of the chapters.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

well-written

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are a number of very well-written and moving episodes in this book, and the only thing that spoils the books is Farrar's habit of putting quotations from Latin and Greek into his books.

Winifred's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

WorldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading St Winifred's, or The World of School, by Frederic W. Farrar.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading Farrar, having himself attended such a school, then later been an assistant master at another, Harrow School, then Head Master of Marlborough College, was well placed to write about such a school, and in some ways it is a better book than his much more famous "Eric".

Chapter 1 of St. Winifred's by F. W. (Frederic William) Farrar holds 397 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of St. Winifred's contain?

Chapter 1 holds 397 sentences of St. Winifred's, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of St. Winifred's by F. W. (Frederic William) Farrar exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 397 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of St. Winifred's?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading St. Winifred's

Common questions about reading St. Winifred's by F. W. (Frederic William) Farrar on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of St. Winifred's?

Yes. All 5621 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24329 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of St. Winifred's is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24329, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does St. Winifred's take to read?

About 468 minutes of reading across 1125 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read St. Winifred's section by section

How to work through St. Winifred's section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of St. Winifred's to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in St. Winifred's

Words and structures a reader meets early in St. Winifred's, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Winifred's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Winifred's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Winifred's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Winifred's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frederic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of St. Winifred's; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.