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Stem to Stern
Stem to Stern

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Stem to Stern is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.
When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.
The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.
The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.
Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stem to Stern

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Stem to Stern is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.
/ə ˈseɪlboʊt ɪn ðə trɔːf ʌv ðə siː/
Line 2
When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.
Line 3
The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.
/ðə bɑːrdʒ wɑːz ðen ˈhedəd tuː ðə ˌsaʊˈθwest ənd hæd ə ˈkwaɪət taɪm ʌv ɪt tɪl ʃiː riːtʃt ˈsændi pɔɪnt/
Line 4
The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.
Line 5
Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barge verb US /bɑːrdʒ/

push one's way

From this reading “The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.”

diminish verb US /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

decrease in size, extent, or range

From this reading “When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.”

Dory noun US /ˈdɔːri/

a small boat of shallow draft with cross thwarts for seats and rowlocks for oars with which it is propelled

From this reading “Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.”

eighth adjective US /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading “When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.”

fairness noun US /ˈfernəs/

conformity with rules or standards

From this reading “Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.”

sailboat noun US /ˈseɪlboʊt/

a small sailing vessel; usually with a single mast

From this reading “A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.”

southwest noun US /ˌsaʊˈθwest/

the compass point midway between south and west; at 225 degrees

From this reading “The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.”

trough noun US /trɔːf/

a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed)

From this reading “A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

comparatively smooth adverb + adjective

In this reading “When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.”

across the lake preposition + article + noun counted as “across … lake”

In this reading “When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.”

on account preposition + noun

In this reading “Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

asternadverb

stern foremost or backward

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

bargeverbUS /bɑːrdʒ/

push one's way

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

comparativelyadverbUS /kəmˈperətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

diminishverbUS /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

decrease in size, extent, or range

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

Dornwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

DorynounUS /ˈdɔːri/

a small boat of shallow draft with cross thwarts for seats and rowlocks for oars with which it is propelled

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

eighthadjectiveUS /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

fairnessnounUS /ˈfernəs/

conformity with rules or standards

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

Gildrock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

half-way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

headedadjectiveUS /ˈhedəd/

having a heading or course in a certain direction

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

judgmentnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/

an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

MarianadjectiveUS /ˈmeriən/

of or relating to or venerating the Virgin Mary

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

nephewnounUS /ˈnefjuː/

a son of your brother or sister

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

pluckverbUS /plʌk/

pull or pull out sharply

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

PointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

SAILBOATnounUS /ˈseɪlboʊt/

a small sailing vessel; usually with a single mast

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

SandyadjectiveUS /ˈsændi/

of hair color; pale yellowish to yellowish brown

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

SEAnounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

southwestnounUS /ˌsaʊˈθwest/

the compass point midway between south and west; at 225 degrees

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

studentsnounUS /ˈstuːdənts/

plural of “student” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The barge was then headed to the southwest, and had a quiet time of it till she reached Sandy Point.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

TROUGHnounUS /trɔːf/

a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed)

From this reading A SAILBOAT IN THE TROUGH OF THE SEA.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

Winooski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Gildrock and the Winooski had followed her, and were now about an eighth of a mile astern of her.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Dory Dornwood was very popular with all the students, not because he was the nephew of the principal, but on account of his fairness, his pluck, and his good judgment.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading When the Marian was half-way across the lake, the waves began to diminish in force; and within an eighth of a mile of the high shore the water was comparatively smooth.

Chapter 12 of Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Stem to Stern contain?

Chapter 12 holds 93 sentences of Stem to Stern, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Stem to Stern?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Stem to Stern

Common questions about reading Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Stem to Stern?

Yes. All 3514 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52978 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Stem to Stern is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #52978, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Stem to Stern take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 703 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Stem to Stern

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stem to Stern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Boat-builder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.