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Stem to Stern
Stem to Stern

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Stem to Stern is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
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THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.
Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.
All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.
Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.
Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stem to Stern

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Stem to Stern is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.
/ðə rɪˈzʌlt ʌv æn əˈniːkwəl ˈkɑːnflɪkt/
Line 2
Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.
Line 3
All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.
/ɔːl ðə ˈmæɡnət sed wɑːz ðæt hiː ənd hɪz sʌn hæd bɪn ˌɪnˈsʌltɪd ənd əˈsɔːltɪd baɪ ðə ənˈɡreɪtfəl sʌn ʌv ðə ˈwʊmən hiː hæd ˈhɑːrbərd ɑːn hɪz lænd/
Line 4
Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.
Line 5
Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.
/ˈhæpəli pɔːl hæd noʊ ˈnɑːlədʒ ʌv ðə ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən ʌv ðə ˈbʊli wɪtʃ ðə mɔːr ˈnoʊɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈstuːdənts wʊd hæv sed wɑːz ˈoʊnli ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assaulted verb US /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading “All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.”

Bristol noun US /ˈbrɪstəl/

an industrial city and port in southwestern England near the mouth of the River Avon

From this reading “Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.”

harbored verb US /ˈhɑːrbərd/

past form of “harbor” — maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading “All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.”

insulted verb US /ˌɪnˈsʌltɪd/

past form of “insult” — treat, mention, or speak to rudely

From this reading “All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.”

magnate noun US /ˈmæɡnət/

a very wealthy or powerful businessman

From this reading “All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.”

possessing verb US /pəˈzesɪŋ/

-ing form of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading “Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.”

pugilism noun US /ˈpjuːdʒəlɪzəm/

fighting with the fists

From this reading “Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.”

unequal adjective US /əˈniːkwəl/

poorly balanced or matched in quantity or value or measure

From this reading “THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

stout fellow adjective + noun

In this reading “Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.”

evidently considered adverb + adjective

In this reading “Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.”

match for verb + particle

In this reading “Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

assaultedverbUS /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

avoirdupoisnoun

a system of weights based on the 16-ounce pound (or 7,000 grains)

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

Billcord

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

BristolnounUS /ˈbrɪstəl/

an industrial city and port in southwestern England near the mouth of the River Avon

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

BuckverbUS /bʌk/

to strive with determination

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

bullynounUS /ˈbʊli/

a cruel and brutal fellow

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

CONFLICTnounUS /ˈkɑːnflɪkt/

an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)

From this reading THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

evidentlyadverbUS /ˈevədəntli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

glovesnounUS /ɡlʌvz/

plural of “glove” — the handwear used by fielders in playing baseball

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

HappilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

harboredverbUS /ˈhɑːrbərd/

past form of “harbor” — maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

insultedverbUS /ˌɪnˈsʌltɪd/

past form of “insult” — treat, mention, or speak to rudely

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

LambnounUS /læm/

young sheep

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

magnatenounUS /ˈmæɡnət/

a very wealthy or powerful businessman

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

matchverbUS /mætʃ/

be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

particularsnounUS /pərˈtɪkjələrz/

plural of “particular” — a fact about some part (as opposed to general)

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

PointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

possessingverbUS /pəˈzesɪŋ/

-ing form of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

pugilismnounUS /ˈpjuːdʒəlɪzəm/

fighting with the fists

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

RESULTnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

SandyadjectiveUS /ˈsændi/

of hair color; pale yellowish to yellowish brown

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

studentsnounUS /ˈstuːdənts/

plural of “student” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.

UNEQUALadjectiveUS /əˈniːkwəl/

poorly balanced or matched in quantity or value or measure

From this reading THE RESULT OF AN UNEQUAL CONFLICT.

ungratefuladjectiveUS /ənˈɡreɪtfəl/

not feeling or showing gratitude

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

WalknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading Buck Lamb evidently considered himself as more than a match for Paul Bristol, for neither Walk Billcord nor his father had given the students the particulars of the battle at Sandy Point.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Buck was a stout fellow, who had the reputation of possessing scientific skill in the noble art of pugilism, and who was ready for any fellow of his avoirdupois, either with soft gloves or with hard gloves, or with no gloves at all.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading All the magnate said was that he and his son had been insulted and assaulted by the ungrateful son of the woman he had harbored on his land.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Happily, Paul had no knowledge of the reputation of the bully, which the more knowing of the students would have said was only reputation.

Chapter 18 of Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Stem to Stern contain?

Chapter 18 holds 104 sentences of Stem to Stern, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Stem to Stern?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Stem to Stern

Common questions about reading Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Stem to Stern?

Yes. All 3514 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52978 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Stem to Stern is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #52978, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Stem to Stern take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 703 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Stem to Stern section by section

How to work through Stem to Stern section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Stem to Stern to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Stem to Stern

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stem to Stern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Boat-builder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.