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Stem to Stern
Stem to Stern

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Stem to Stern is here in full — 300 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Stem to Stern
Context Illustration Reading 1/60 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LAUNCHING THE BOAT.
The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.
The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.
The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.
They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stem to Stern

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Stem to Stern is here in full — 300 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/60 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LAUNCHING THE BOAT.
/ˈlɔːntʃɪŋ ðə boʊt/
Line 2
The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.
Line 3
The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.
/ðə ʃuː wɑːz nɑːt dʌn wen ðə skaʊ wɑːz ˈredi tuː teɪk ɪt ɑːn bɔːrd ənd ðeɪ hæd tuː weɪt fɔːr ðə ˈwɜːrkmɪn tuː drɪl ðə hoʊlz fɔːr ðə boʊlts/
Line 4
The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.
/ðə ʃɪps ˈkʌmpəniː hæd siːn ðə ˈʌndiːn wen ʃiː pæst pɔːrt ˈhenri bʌt noʊ wʌn ðer nuː tuː huːm ʃiː bɪˈlɔːŋd ɔːr ˈeniθɪŋ ˌwʌˈtevər ɪn rɪˈɡɑːrd tuː hɜːr/
Line 5
They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.
/ðeɪ sɔː ðæt ʃiː wɑːz ðə ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt ʌv ðə sɪlf ənd nuː ðæt ʃiː wɑːz wʌn ʌv ðə ˈseləbreɪtɪd klæs tuː wɪtʃ ʃiː bɪˈlɔːŋd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bolts noun US /boʊlts/

plural of “bolt” — a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading “The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.”

counterpart noun US /ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt/

a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another

From this reading “They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.”

drill verb US /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading “The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.”

launching noun US /ˈlɔːntʃɪŋ/

the act of moving a newly built vessel into the water for the first time

From this reading “LAUNCHING THE BOAT.”

scow noun US /skaʊ/

any of various flat-bottomed boats with sloping ends

From this reading “The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.”

Sylph noun US /sɪlf/

a slender graceful young woman

From this reading “The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.”

Undine noun US /ˈʌndiːn/

any of various female water spirits

From this reading “The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.”

workmen noun US /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading “The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

on board preposition + noun

on a ship, train, plane or other vehicle

In this reading “The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.”

ship's company verb + noun counted as “ship company”

In this reading “The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.”

wait for verb + particle

In this reading “The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.”

in regard preposition + noun

In this reading “The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

arriveverbUS /ərˈaɪv/

reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

belongedverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋd/

past form of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

BOATnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading LAUNCHING THE BOAT.

boltsnounUS /boʊlts/

plural of “bolt” — a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

counterpartnounUS /ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt/

a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

drillverbUS /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

gundalow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

holesnounUS /hoʊlz/

plural of “hole” — an opening into or through something

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

LAUNCHINGnounUS /ˈlɔːntʃɪŋ/

the act of moving a newly built vessel into the water for the first time

From this reading LAUNCHING THE BOAT.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

PortnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

scownounUS /skaʊ/

any of various flat-bottomed boats with sloping ends

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

ship'snounUS /ʃɪps/

possessive form of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

shoenounUS /ʃuː/

footwear shaped to fit the foot (below the ankle) with a flexible upper of leather or plastic and a sole and heel of heavier material

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

SylphnounUS /sɪlf/

a slender graceful young woman

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LAUNCHING THE BOAT.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

UndinenounUS /ˈʌndiːn/

any of various female water spirits

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They saw that she was the counterpart of the Sylph, and knew that she was one of the celebrated class to which she belonged.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The ship's company had seen the Undine when she passed Port Henry, but no one there knew to whom she belonged, or anything whatever in regard to her.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Sylph, with the gundalow, did not arrive till it was nearly dark.

workmennounUS /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading The shoe was not done when the scow was ready to take it on board, and they had to wait for the workmen to drill the holes for the bolts.

Chapter 30 of Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic holds 300 sentences, grouped into 60 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of Stem to Stern contain?

Chapter 30 holds 300 sentences of Stem to Stern, unabridged, divided into 60 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 300 sentences, grouped into 60 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of Stem to Stern?

Work through the 60 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 60 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Stem to Stern

Common questions about reading Stem to Stern by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Stem to Stern?

Yes. All 3514 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52978 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Stem to Stern is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #52978, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Stem to Stern take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 703 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Stem to Stern section by section

How to work through Stem to Stern section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Stem to Stern to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Stem to Stern

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stem to Stern, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Boat-builder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stem to Stern; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.