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Stories By English Authors — France
Stories By English Authors — France

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Stories By English Authors — France is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was late in November, 1456.
The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.
To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.
Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?
He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stories By English Authors — France

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Stories By English Authors — France is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was late in November, 1456.
Line 2
The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.
Line 3
To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.
/tuː puːr ˈpiːpəl ˈlʊkɪŋ ʌp ˈʌndər mɔɪst ˈaɪbraʊz ɪt siːmd ə ˈwʌndər wer ɪt ɔːl keɪm frʌm/
Line 4
Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?
Line 5
He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

circuitous adjective US /sərˈkjuːɪtəs/

marked by obliqueness or indirection in speech or conduct

From this reading “The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.”

flake verb US /fleɪk/

form into flakes

From this reading “The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.”

lull verb US /lʌl/

calm by deception

From this reading “The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.”

Olympus noun US /oʊˈlɪmpəs/

a mountain peak in northeast Greece near the Aegean coast; believed by ancient Greeks to be the dwelling place of the gods (9,570 feet high)

From this reading “Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?”

persistence noun US /pərˈsɪstəns/

the property of a continuous and connected period of time

From this reading “The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.”

plucking verb US /ˈplʌkɪŋ/

-ing form of “pluck” — pull or pull out sharply

From this reading “Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?”

propounded verb US /prəˈpaʊndɪd/

past form of “propound” — put forward, as of an idea

From this reading “Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?”

rigorous adjective US /ˈrɪɡərəs/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading “The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1456

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was late in November, 1456.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

alternativeadjectiveUS /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/

serving or used in place of another

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

angelsnounUS /ˈeɪndʒəlz/

plural of “angel” — spiritual being attendant upon God

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

ArtsnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

circuitousadjectiveUS /sərˈkjuːɪtəs/

marked by obliqueness or indirection in speech or conduct

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

concludeverbUS /kənˈkluːd/

decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

divinitynounUS /dɪˈvɪnəti/

any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

durst

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

eyebrowsnounUS /ˈaɪbraʊz/

plural of “eyebrow” — the arch of hair above each eye

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

flakeverbUS /fleɪk/

form into flakes

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

geesenounUS /ɡiːs/

plural of “goose” — web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was late in November, 1456.

interminableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɜːrmənəbəl/

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was late in November, 1456.

JupiternounUS /ˈdʒuːpətər/

the largest planet and the 5th from the sun; has many satellites and is one of the brightest objects in the night sky

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading It was late in November, 1456.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

lullverbUS /lʌl/

calm by deception

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

moistadjectiveUS /mɔɪst/

slightly wet

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

moultingnoun

periodic shedding of the cuticle in arthropods or the outer skin in reptiles

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading It was late in November, 1456.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

OlympusnounUS /oʊˈlɪmpəs/

a mountain peak in northeast Greece near the Aegean coast; believed by ancient Greeks to be the dwelling place of the gods (9,570 feet high)

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

pagannounUS /ˈpeɪɡən/

a person who does not acknowledge your god

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

persistencenounUS /pərˈsɪstəns/

the property of a continuous and connected period of time

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

pluckingverbUS /ˈplʌkɪŋ/

-ing form of “pluck” — pull or pull out sharply

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

propoundedverbUS /prəˈpaʊndɪd/

past form of “propound” — put forward, as of an idea

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

relentlessadjectiveUS /rɪˈlentlɪs/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

rigorousadjectiveUS /ˈrɪɡərəs/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

sallynounUS /ˈsæli/

witty remark

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

tavernnounUS /ˈtævərn/

a building with a bar that is licensed to sell alcoholic drinks

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

touchedadjectiveUS /tʌtʃt/

having come into contact

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

venturenounUS /ˈventʃər/

any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

Villonnoun

French poet (flourished around 1460)

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

vortices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was late in November, 1456.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He was only a poor Master of Arts, he went on; and as the question somewhat touched upon divinity, he durst not venture to conclude.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading Master Francis Villon had propounded an alternative that afternoon, at a tavern window: was it only pagan Jupiter plucking geese upon Olympus? or were the holy angels moulting?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The snow fell over Paris with rigorous, relentless persistence; sometimes the wind made a sally and scattered it in flying vortices; sometimes there was a lull, and flake after flake descended out of the black night air, silent, circuitous, interminable.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading To poor people, looking up under moist eyebrows, it seemed a wonder where it all came from.

Chapter 1 of Stories By English Authors — France by Robert Louis [Contributor] Stevenson holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Stories By English Authors — France contain?

Chapter 1 holds 158 sentences of Stories By English Authors — France, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Stories By English Authors — France by Robert Louis [Contributor] Stevenson exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Stories By English Authors — France?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Stories By English Authors — France

Common questions about reading Stories By English Authors — France by Robert Louis [Contributor] Stevenson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Stories By English Authors — France?

Yes. All 2071 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2359 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Stories By English Authors — France is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2359, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Stories By English Authors — France take to read?

About 172 minutes of reading across 415 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Stories By English Authors — France section by section

How to work through Stories By English Authors — France section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Stories By English Authors — France to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Stories By English Authors — France

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stories By English Authors — France, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

November
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stories By English Authors — France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stories By English Authors — France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rigorous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stories By English Authors — France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Relentless
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stories By English Authors — France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.