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Stories from Virgil
Stories from Virgil

Chapter XXII

Cover illustration for Stories from Virgil
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.
And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.
First the Volscians drew near to the wall.
These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.
And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stories from Virgil

Chapter XXII

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.
Line 2
And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.
Line 3
First the Volscians drew near to the wall.
Line 4
These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.
Line 5
And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.”

CAMP noun US /camp/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.”

Drew noun US /drew/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “First the Volscians drew near to the wall.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “First the Volscians drew near to the wall.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.”

Pulled noun US /pulled/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.”

Unto preposition US /ˈʌntuː/

an old word for “to”

From this reading “These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.

array

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.

bare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

BATTLE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

CAMP

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.

cast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

drewnounUS /drew/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading First the Volscians drew near to the wall.

fight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

filled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

FirstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading First the Volscians drew near to the wall.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

heads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

joining

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

ladders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

manner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

moat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

mounted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading First the Volscians drew near to the wall.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

poles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

pullednounUS /pulled/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

shell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

shields

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

signal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

spears

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BATTLE AT THE CAMP.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

thrust

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading First the Volscians drew near to the wall.

tortoise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

Troy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

trumpet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And now the trumpet gave the signal for battle.

untoprepositionUS /ˈʌntuː/

an old word for “to”

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

used

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

Volscians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading First the Volscians drew near to the wall.

wall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading First the Volscians drew near to the wall.

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These held their shields over their heads, joining them in close array so that they were like unto the shell of a tortoise, and they that bare them filled the moat and pulled down the wall.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading And some would have mounted the walls on ladders; while the men of Troy cast spears at them and thrust at them with poles, being indeed well used to the manner of such a fight from walls.