used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
AbbeynounUS /ˈæbi/
a church associated with a monastery or convent
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
the quality of having a superior or more favorable position
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
in addition
From this reading Also he said that the brethren and Mawgis were journeying to Montalban.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
Aymon
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
befallenverbUS /bəˈfɑːlən/
inflected form of “befall” — become of; happen to
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
biddenverbUS /ˈbɪdɪn/
inflected form of “bid” — propose a payment
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
brethrennounUS /ˈbreðrən/
(plural) the lay members of a male religious order
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
definite but not specified or identified
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
Clare
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the skilled practice of a practical occupation
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/
the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the male ruler of an empire
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
an acknowledgment or expression of goodwill at parting
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
Gasconynoun
a region of southwestern France
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
an established custom
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/
the -ing form of “have”
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
detected or perceived by the sense of hearing
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
horsedverbUS /hɔːrst/
past form of “horse” — provide with a horse or horses
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
inasmuch
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
a room or building equipped with one or more toilets
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
journeyingnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrniɪŋ/
the act of traveling from one place to another
From this reading Also he said that the brethren and Mawgis were journeying to Montalban.
a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
knightsnounUS /naɪts/
plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
a vaguely specified concern
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
MAWGIS
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the force of workers available
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
monk'snounUS /mʌŋks/
possessive form of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
Montalban
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Also he said that the brethren and Mawgis were journeying to Montalban.
to a great degree or extent
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
not any; not one
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
OlivernounUS /ˈɑːləvər/
United States jazz musician who influenced the style of Louis Armstrong (1885-1938)
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
and nothing more
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/
above and across; more than
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
not move; be in a resting position
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
Reynaud's
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
Roland
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
being the one previously mentioned or spoken of
From this reading Also he said that the brethren and Mawgis were journeying to Montalban.
used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
a female person who has the same parents as another person
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
plural of “son” — a male human offspring
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
that is looked for
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
spyverbUS /spaɪ/
catch sight of
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
carry out
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
in or at that place or location
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
inflected form of “tell” — express in words
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
inflected form of “take” — carry out
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
a source of difficulty
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading But a certain man that was a spy was aware of the matter, and told it to Roland.
the speaker together with one or more other people
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Also he said that the brethren and Mawgis were journeying to Montalban.
at the time that
From this reading OF THE CRAFT OF MAWGIS When King John of Gascony heard all the trouble that had befallen the brethren, on the one side, and the Emperor and his knights, on the other, he could not rest, so much did his conscience trouble him.
a married woman; a man's partner in marriage
From this reading So having bidden farewell to his sister Clare, Reynaud's wife, he sought a certain Abbey, and there took a monk's habit.
used to talk about the future, or about willingness
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
in the company of; together with
From this reading Then Roland, having first called Oliver, said, "We will go now and fight with the sons of Aymon, and we will take four thousand men only with us, so that we shall have no advantage over them, inasmuch as they have five thousand well horsed and well armed."
