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Stories of Elizabethan heroes
Stories of Elizabethan heroes

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Stories of Elizabethan heroes is here in full — 288 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
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FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.
Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.
Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.
A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.
As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stories of Elizabethan heroes

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Stories of Elizabethan heroes is here in full — 288 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.
Line 2
Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.
Line 3
Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.
Line 4
A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.
Line 5
As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.
/æz ə bɔɪ hiː ðʌs wɑːz brɔːt ˈɪntuː ˈkɑːntækt wɪð ˈflemɪŋz ˈflaɪɪŋ frʌm ˌpɜːrsəˈkjuːʃən ənd ðə ˈhɔːrərz ʌv ðə ˌɪn.kwɪˈzɪʃ.ən wɜːr hɪz ˈdeɪli səbˈdʒekt ʌv tɔːk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprenticed adjective US /əˈprentəst/

bound by contract

From this reading “A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.”

denunciations noun US /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “denunciation” — a public act of denouncing

From this reading “Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.”

Flemings noun US /ˈflemɪŋz/

plural of “fleming” — British writer famous for writing spy novels about secret agent James Bond (1908-1964)

From this reading “As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.”

Inquisition noun US /ˌɪn.kwɪˈzɪʃ.ən/

A period of prolonged and intensive questioning or investigation.

From this reading “As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.”

Reformation noun US /ˌref.əˈmeɪ.ʃən/

The action or process of reforming an institution, practice, or individual's character.

From this reading “Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.”

scourge noun US /skɜːrdʒ/

a whip used to inflict punishment (often used for pedantic humor)

From this reading “FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.”

shipowner noun US /ˈʃɪpoʊnər/

someone who owns a ship or a share in a ship

From this reading “FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.”

traded verb US /ˈtreɪdɪd/

past form of “trade” — engage in the trade of

From this reading “A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rich merchant adjective + noun

In this reading “FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.”

early age adjective + noun

In this reading “Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.”

small craft adjective + noun

In this reading “A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.”

into contact preposition + noun

In this reading “As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.”

take shelter verb + noun

In this reading “Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.”

brought into verb + particle counted as “bring into”

In this reading “As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

apprenticedadjectiveUS /əˈprentəst/

bound by contract

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

Brazils

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

Chatham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

contactnounUS /ˈkɑːntækt/

close interaction

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

denunciationsnounUS /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “denunciation” — a public act of denouncing

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

DRAKEnounUS /dreɪk/

English explorer and admiral who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and who helped to defeat the Spanish Armada (1540-1596)

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

Drake's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

drankverbUS /dræŋk/

inflected form of “drink” — take in liquids

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

Edmund

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

enemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

FlemingsnounUS /ˈflemɪŋz/

plural of “fleming” — British writer famous for writing spy novels about secret agent James Bond (1908-1964)

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

FRANCIS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

hatrednounUS /ˈheɪtrəd/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

HawkinsnounUS /ˈhɔːkɪnz/

English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

HollandnounUS /ˈhɑːlənd/

a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

horrorsnounUS /ˈhɔːrərz/

plural of “horror” — intense and profound fear

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

InquisitionnounUS /ˌɪn.kwɪˈzɪʃ.ən/

A period of prolonged and intensive questioning or investigation.

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

kinsmannounUS /ˈkɪnzmæn/

a male relative

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

NavynounUS /ˈneɪvi/

an organization of military vessels belonging to a country and available for sea warfare

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

nursedadjectiveUS /nɜːrst/

(of an infant) breast-fed

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

obtainedverbUS /əbˈteɪnd/

past form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

persecutionnounUS /ˌpɜːrsəˈkjuːʃən/

the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

plantverbUS /plænt/

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

PlymouthnounUS /ˈplɪməθ/

a town in Massachusetts founded by Pilgrims in 1620

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

PrayersnounUS /prerz/

plural of “prayer” — the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

preachingnounUS /ˈpriːtʃɪŋ/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

ReadernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

ReformationnounUS /ˌref.əˈmeɪ.ʃən/

The action or process of reforming an institution, practice, or individual's character.

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

RoyaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

sailornounUS /ˈseɪlər/

any member of a ship's crew

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

SCOURGEnounUS /skɜːrdʒ/

a whip used to inflict punishment (often used for pedantic humor)

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

shipownernounUS /ˈʃɪpoʊnər/

someone who owns a ship or a share in a ship

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

sightsnounUS /saɪts/

an optical instrument for aiding the eye in aiming, as on a firearm or surveying instrument

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

skippernounUS /ˈskɪpər/

a student who fails to attend classes

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

soundsnounUS /saʊndz/

plural of “sound” — the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

SPAINnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

Tavistock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

tradedverbUS /ˈtreɪdɪd/

past form of “trade” — engage in the trade of

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As a boy he thus was brought into contact with Flemings flying from persecution, and the horrors of the Inquisition were his daily subject of talk.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Thus little Francis drank in at a very early age the sights and sounds of the sea, while his mind was nursed on denunciations of Rome and hatred of religious tyranny.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FRANCIS DRAKE, THE SCOURGE OF SPAIN Francis Drake had a kinsman at Plymouth who had been the first Englishman to sail to the Brazils--William Hawkins, father of John, a rich merchant and shipowner.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A man with twelve children must plant them out early, and Francis was apprenticed as a boy to the skipper of a small craft that traded to Holland.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading Drake's father, Edmund, had been a sailor in his youth, and was settled near Tavistock when Francis was a child; he was a strong "Reformation man," and his preaching had made him enemies, so that he had to fly and take shelter in an old ship at Chatham, where his friends obtained for him the post of Reader of Prayers to the Royal Navy.

Chapter 10 of Stories of Elizabethan heroes by Edward Gilliat holds 288 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Stories of Elizabethan heroes contain?

Chapter 10 holds 288 sentences of Stories of Elizabethan heroes, unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Stories of Elizabethan heroes by Edward Gilliat exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 288 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Stories of Elizabethan heroes?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Stories of Elizabethan heroes

Common questions about reading Stories of Elizabethan heroes by Edward Gilliat on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Stories of Elizabethan heroes?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Stories of Elizabethan heroes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Stories of Elizabethan heroes take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Stories of Elizabethan heroes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stories of Elizabethan heroes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Stories of Elizabethan heroes, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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