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Stories of grit
Stories of grit

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Stories of grit is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.
Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.
The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.
When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.
At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stories of grit

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Stories of grit is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.
/wʌt æn ˌɪˈlɪtərət bɔɪ meɪd ʌv hɪz laɪf/
Line 2
Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.
Line 3
The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.
Line 4
When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.
Line 5
At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.
/æt ðə saʊnd ʌv hɪz ənˈstedi step ɑːn ðə sterz hɪz waɪf ənd ˈtʃɪldrən priˈperd fɔːr ðə wɜːrst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

baby's noun US /ˈbeɪbiz/

possessive form of “baby” — a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading “The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.”

destined adjective US /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading “Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.”

illiterate adjective US /ˌɪˈlɪtərət/

not able to read or write

From this reading “WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.”

Mansfield noun US /ˈmænzfiːld/

New Zealand writer of short stories (1888-1923)

From this reading “Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.”

nationality noun US /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/

people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation

From this reading “The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.”

Patrick noun US /ˈpætrɪk/

Apostle and patron saint of Ireland; an English missionary to Ireland in the 5th century

From this reading “The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.”

sober adjective US /ˈsoʊbər/

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading “When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.”

unsteady adjective US /ənˈstedi/

subject to change or variation

From this reading “At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

seven days noun + noun

In this reading “Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.”

several years adjective + noun

In this reading “Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.”

on the stairs preposition + article + noun counted as “on … stairs”

In this reading “At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.”

good husband adjective + noun

In this reading “When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1851

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

actedverbUS /ˈæktɪd/

past form of “act” — perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

babynounUS /ˈbeɪbi/

a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

baby'snounUS /ˈbeɪbiz/

possessive form of “baby” — a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

beastnounUS /biːst/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

BOYnounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

drunkadjectiveUS /drʌŋk/

stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

Flanaghan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

ILLITERATEadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈlɪtərət/

not able to read or write

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

IrishnounUS /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

JustadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

MADEadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

MansfieldnounUS /ˈmænzfiːld/

New Zealand writer of short stories (1888-1923)

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

nationalitynounUS /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/

people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

Nottingham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

PatricknounUS /ˈpætrɪk/

Apostle and patron saint of Ireland; an English missionary to Ireland in the 5th century

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

soberadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊbər/

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

stairsnounUS /sterz/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

suggestverbUS /səˈdʒest/

make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

unsteadyadjectiveUS /ənˈstedi/

subject to change or variation

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

WHATpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading WHAT AN ILLITERATE BOY MADE OF HIS LIFE.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When he was sober, Patrick Flanaghan was a good husband and father, but when he was drunk--which was pretty often--he acted like a beast.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading At the sound of his unsteady step on the stairs, his wife and children prepared for the worst.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The baby's father was Patrick Flanaghan, and, as his name would suggest, was Irish by nationality.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Just seven days before Christmas, 1851, a baby was born at Mansfield, Nottingham, England, named James Flanaghan, who was destined to have a pretty hard time of it for several years.

Chapter 13 of Stories of grit by Archer Wallace holds 103 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Stories of grit contain?

Chapter 13 holds 103 sentences of Stories of grit, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Stories of grit by Archer Wallace exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 103 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Stories of grit?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Stories of grit

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stories of grit, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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