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Stradella
Stradella

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Stradella is here in full — 317 sentences across 64 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/63 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.
He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.
On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.
She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.
But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Stradella

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Stradella is here in full — 317 sentences across 64 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/63 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.
Line 2
He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.
Line 3
On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.
Line 4
She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.
Line 5
But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.
/bʌt hiː wʊd nɑːt ber ðə ˌɪnˈdɪɡnətiː ʌv ə bloʊ ˈiːvɪn frʌm hɜːr ˈrɔɪəl hænd ənd ɑːn ðæt seɪm naɪt hiː pækt hɪz ˈmænjəskrɪpts ənd hɪz fjuː bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋz ənd left roʊm tuː siːk hɪz ˈfɔːrtʃən wer hiː maɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contrition noun US /kənˈtrɪʃən/

sorrow for sin arising from fear of damnation

From this reading “On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.”

defection noun US /dɪˈfekʃən/

withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility

From this reading “He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.”

despotic adjective US /dɪˈspɑːtɪk/

belonging to or having the characteristics of a despot

From this reading “On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.”

exigent adjective US /ˈeksɪdʒənt/

demanding attention

From this reading “He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.”

grammatical adjective US /ɡrəˈmætəkəl/

of or pertaining to grammar

From this reading “She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.”

indignity noun US /ˌɪnˈdɪɡnətiː/

an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem

From this reading “But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.”

submitting verb US /səbˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading “On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.”

wreaked verb US /riːkt/

past form of “wreak” — cause to happen or to occur as a consequence

From this reading “She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.”

All words in this reading · 114

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

Alberto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

Altieri

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

belongingsnounUS /bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋz/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

boxnounUS /bɑːks/

a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

Christina

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

cleverlyadverbUS /ˈklevərli/

in a clever manner

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

commandsnounUS /kəˈmændz/

plural of “command” — an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

composedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

contritionnounUS /kənˈtrɪʃən/

sorrow for sin arising from fear of damnation

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

defectionnounUS /dɪˈfekʃən/

withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

deformedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfɔːrmd/

so badly formed or out of shape as to be ugly

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

desiredadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪərd/

wanted intensely

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

despoticadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɑːtɪk/

belonging to or having the characteristics of a despot

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

dismissedadjectiveUS /dɪˈsmɪst/

having lost your job

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

exigentadjectiveUS /ˈeksɪdʒənt/

demanding attention

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

forgotverbUS /fərˈɡɑːt/

inflected form of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

furynounUS /ˈfjʊri/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

grammaticaladjectiveUS /ɡrəˈmætəkəl/

of or pertaining to grammar

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

Guidi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

indifferencenounUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfərəns/

unbiased impartial unconcern

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

indignitynounUS /ˌɪnˈdɪɡnətiː/

an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

irritatedadjectiveUS /ˈɪrəteɪtəd/

aroused to impatience or anger

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

managedverbUS /ˈmænədʒd/

past form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

manuscriptsnounUS /ˈmænjəskrɪpts/

plural of “manuscript” — the form of a literary work submitted for publication

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

mistakenounUS /mɪˈsteɪk/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

obeyverbUS /oʊˈbeɪ/

be obedient to

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

Ortensia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

packedadjectiveUS /pækt/

extremely crowed or filled to capacity

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

pointingverbUS /ˈpɔɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “point” — indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

quietlyadverbUS /ˈkwaɪətli/

with low volume

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

submittingverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The following days passed quietly, and Don Alberto did not again attempt to see Ortensia alone.

urgentadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

compelling immediate action

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

vergenounUS /vɜːrdʒ/

a region marking a boundary

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

versesnounUS /ˈvɜːrsəz/

plural of “verse” — literature in metrical form

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was, indeed, much occupied with more urgent affairs, for Queen Christina had noticed the signs of his approaching defection and was becoming daily more exigent.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But he would not bear the indignity of a blow, even from her royal hand, and on that same night he packed his manuscripts and his few belongings and left Rome to seek his fortune where he might.

wreakedverbUS /riːkt/

past form of “wreak” — cause to happen or to occur as a consequence

From this reading She wreaked her temper on every one who came near her, and so far forgot her royal dignity as to box the ears of poor Guidi, the deformed poet, for pointing out a grammatical mistake in some Italian verses she had composed.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading On his side, young Altieri only desired to be dismissed, and instead of submitting to her despotic commands in a spirit of contrition, he cleverly managed to obey them with a sort of superior indifference that irritated her to the verge of fury.

Chapter 20 of Stradella by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford holds 317 sentences, grouped into 64 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Stradella contain?

Chapter 20 holds 317 sentences of Stradella, unabridged, divided into 64 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Stradella by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 317 sentences, grouped into 64 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Stradella?

Work through the 64 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 64 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Stradella

Common questions about reading Stradella by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Stradella?

Yes. All 4638 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23299 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Stradella is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23299, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Stradella take to read?

About 386 minutes of reading across 928 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Stradella section by section

How to work through Stradella section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of Stradella to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Stradella

Words and structures a reader meets early in Stradella, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Senator
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stradella; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Michele
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stradella; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pignaver
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stradella; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Stradella; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.