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Studies in Early Victorian Literature
Studies in Early Victorian Literature

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Studies in Early Victorian Literature is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.
Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.
And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.
Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.
But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Studies in Early Victorian Literature

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Studies in Early Victorian Literature is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.
/vjuːd æz æn hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl ˈpoʊəm ðə frentʃ ˌrevəˈluːʃən ɪz ə ˈsplendɪd kriˈeɪʃən/
Line 2
Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.
Line 3
And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.
Line 4
Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.
Line 5
But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cataclysm noun US /ˈkætəklɪsəm/

a sudden violent change in the earth's surface

From this reading “But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.”

heighten verb US /ˈhaɪtən/

become more extreme

From this reading “And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.”

mendacious adjective US /menˈdeɪʃəs/

given to lying

From this reading “Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.”

pervert verb US /ˈpɜːrvərt/

corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality

From this reading “And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.”

pictorial adjective US /pɪkˈtɔːriəl/

pertaining to or consisting of pictures

From this reading “Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.”

reader's noun US /ˈriːdərz/

possessive form of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading “And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.”

tableaux noun US /təˈbloʊ/

plural of “tableau” — a group of people attractively arranged (as if in a painting)

From this reading “And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.”

truthfulness noun US /ˈtruːθfəlnəs/

the quality of being truthful

From this reading “And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1789

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

authenticadjectiveUS /əˈθentɪk/

conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

CarlylenounUS /ˈkɑːrlaɪl/

Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

cataclysmnounUS /ˈkætəklɪsəm/

a sudden violent change in the earth's surface

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

contrastsnounUS /ˈkɑːntræsts/

plural of “contrast” — the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

creationnounUS /kriˈeɪʃən/

the human act of creating

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

deliberatelyadverbUS /dɪˈlɪbərətli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

distortedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɔːrtəd/

so badly formed or out of shape as to be ugly

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

dramaticadjectiveUS /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

fatallyadverbUS /ˈfeɪtəli/

with fatal consequences or implications

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

heightenverbUS /ˈhaɪtən/

become more extreme

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

historiesnounUS /ˈhɪstəriz/

plural of “history” — the aggregate of past events

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

immenselyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmensli/

to an exceedingly great extent or degree

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

incidentsnounUS /ˈɪnsədənts/

plural of “incident” — a single distinct event

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

ineffaceable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

inevitablyadverbUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbli/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

inexhaustibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbəl/

that cannot be entirely consumed or used up

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

Lamartine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

licensenounUS /ˈlaɪsəns/

a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

manufacturingnounUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

mendaciousadjectiveUS /menˈdeɪʃəs/

given to lying

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

pervertverbUS /ˈpɜːrvərt/

corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

pictorialadjectiveUS /pɪkˈtɔːriəl/

pertaining to or consisting of pictures

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

poet'snounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

possessive form of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

prodigalitynoun

the trait of spending extravagantly

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

rapiditynounUS /rəˈpɪdəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

reader'snounUS /ˈriːdərz/

possessive form of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

splendidadjectiveUS /ˈsplendɪd/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

tableauxnounUS /təˈbloʊ/

plural of “tableau” — a group of people attractively arranged (as if in a painting)

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

Thiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

truthfulnessnounUS /ˈtruːθfəlnəs/

the quality of being truthful

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

unconsciouslyadverbUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəsli/

without awareness

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Its passion, energy, colour, and vast prodigality of ineffaceable pictures place it undoubtedly at the head of all the pictorial histories of modern times.

ViewedverbUS /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading Viewed as an historical poem, the _French Revolution_ is a splendid creation.

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Not that Carlyle was capable of deliberately manufacturing an historical romance in the mendacious way of Thiers and Lamartine.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading And the dramatic rapidity of its action, and the inexhaustible contrasts of its scenes and tableaux--things which so fatally pervert its truthfulness as authentic history--immensely heighten the effect of the poem on the reader's mind.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading But, having resolved to cast the cataclysm of 1789 and the few years before and after it into a dramatic poem, he inevitably, and no doubt unconsciously, treated certain incidents and certain men with a poet's license or with a distorted vision.

Chapter 2 of Studies in Early Victorian Literature by Frederic Harrison holds 457 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Studies in Early Victorian Literature contain?

Chapter 2 holds 457 sentences of Studies in Early Victorian Literature, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Studies in Early Victorian Literature by Frederic Harrison exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 457 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Studies in Early Victorian Literature?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Studies in Early Victorian Literature

Common questions about reading Studies in Early Victorian Literature by Frederic Harrison on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Studies in Early Victorian Literature?

Yes. All 2302 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18384 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Studies in Early Victorian Literature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18384, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Studies in Early Victorian Literature take to read?

About 191 minutes of reading across 461 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Studies in Early Victorian Literature section by section

How to work through Studies in Early Victorian Literature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Studies in Early Victorian Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in Studies in Early Victorian Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Studies in Early Victorian Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Studies in Early Victorian Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Appeared
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Studies in Early Victorian Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forum
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Studies in Early Victorian Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.