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Studies in jocular literature
Studies in jocular literature

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Studies in jocular literature is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
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ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.
The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.
A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.
The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.
In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Studies in jocular literature

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Studies in jocular literature is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.
Line 2
The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.
/ðə ˈɜːrliəst fɔːrm ɔːr feɪz ʌv ðə dʒest wɑːz ðə ˈprɑːdəkt ʌv æn ˌɪˈlɪtərət eɪdʒ/
Line 3
A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.
/ə ˈnɑːlədʒ ʌv ðə ɑːrt ʌv ˈraɪtɪŋ wɑːz ə dɪˈskʌvəri lɔːŋ ˈsʌbsəkwənt tuː ðə raɪz ʌv ə teɪst fɔːr ðə ɪkˈspreʃən ʌv ðə ˈlæfəbəl fɔːr ðə seɪk ˈiːðər ʌv əˈmjuːzmənt ɔːr ʌv ˈrɪdəkjuːl/
Line 4
The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.
/ðə ˈprɪmətɪv ˈɔːθərz ʌv dʒoʊks wɜːr men huː emˈplɔɪd nɑːt ðə pen bʌt ðə ˈtʃɪzəl ənd ðə brʌʃ ənd ðə moʊst ˈvenərəbəl ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ ˈspesəmənz ʌv ðɪs bræntʃ ʌv ˈhjuːmən ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː bɪˈlɔːŋ tuː ɑːrt nɑːt tuː ˈlɪtərətʃər ənd tuː ˈiːdʒəpt ðə ˈkreɪdəl ənd ˈnɜːrsəri ʌv ɑːrt/
Line 5
In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

caricature verb US /ˈkerəkətʃər/

represent in or produce a caricature of

From this reading “ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.”

chisel noun US /ˈtʃɪzəl/

an edge tool with a flat steel blade with a cutting edge

From this reading “The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.”

dependence noun US /dɪˈpendəns/

the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else

From this reading “ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.”

illiterate adjective US /ˌɪˈlɪtərət/

not able to read or write

From this reading “The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.”

jests noun US /dʒests/

plural of “jest” — a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading “ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.”

laughable adjective US /ˈlæfəbəl/

so unreasonable as to invite derision

From this reading “A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.”

supersede verb US /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

take the place or move into the position of

From this reading “In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.”

traversing verb US /trəˈvɜːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading “In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

human ingenuity adjective + noun

In this reading “The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.”

most interesting adverb + adjective

In this reading “In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.”

interesting subject adjective + noun

In this reading “In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.”

for the sake preposition + article + noun counted as “for … sake”

In this reading “A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.”

most venerable adverb + adjective

In this reading “The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.”

taste for verb + particle

In this reading “A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1865

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

accumulatedadjectiveUS /əˈkjuːmjəleɪtɪd/

periodically accumulated over time

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

admirableadjectiveUS /ˈædmərəbəl/

deserving of the highest esteem or admiration

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

amusementnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənt/

a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

ARTSnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

BEFOREprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

branchnounUS /bræntʃ/

a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

brushverbUS /brʌʃ/

rub with a brush, or as if with a brush

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

CARICATUREverbUS /ˈkerəkətʃər/

represent in or produce a caricature of

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

chiselnounUS /ˈtʃɪzəl/

an edge tool with a flat steel blade with a cutting edge

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

CLASSnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

CONDITIONSnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

cradlenounUS /ˈkreɪdəl/

a baby bed with sides and rockers

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

DEPENDENCEnounUS /dɪˈpendəns/

the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

EgyptnounUS /ˈiːdʒəpt/

a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

existingadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/

presently existing

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

GrotesqueadjectiveUS /ɡroʊˈtesk/

distorted and unnatural in shape or size; abnormal and hideous

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

HUMOURnounUS /ˈhjuːmər/

a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

illiterateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈlɪtərət/

not able to read or write

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

INFLUENCEnounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

ingenuitynounUS /ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː/

the power of creative imagination

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

inquirynounUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪriː/

a search for knowledge

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

ITSdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

JESTnounUS /dʒest/

a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

JEST-BOOKS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

JESTSnounUS /dʒests/

plural of “jest” — a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

jokesnounUS /dʒoʊks/

plural of “joke” — a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

laughableadjectiveUS /ˈlæfəbəl/

so unreasonable as to invite derision

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

LITERATUREnounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

LONGadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

nurserynounUS /ˈnɜːrsəri/

a child's room for a baby

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

ORIGINnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

pennounUS /pen/

a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

phasenounUS /feɪz/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

primitiveadjectiveUS /ˈprɪmətɪv/

belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

PRINTINGnounUS /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

productnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkt/

commodities offered for sale

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

ridiculenounUS /ˈrɪdəkjuːl/

language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

SOCIETYnounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

SUBSEQUENTadjectiveUS /ˈsʌbsəkwənt/

following in time or order

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

supersedeverbUS /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

take the place or move into the position of

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading A knowledge of the art of writing was a discovery long subsequent to the rise of a taste for the expression of the laughable, for the sake either of amusement or of ridicule.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

THISdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

traversingverbUS /trəˈvɜːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

venerableadjectiveUS /ˈvenərəbəl/

impressive by reason of age

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The earliest form or phase of the JEST was the product of an illiterate age.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The primitive authors of jokes were men who employed, not the pen, but the chisel and the brush; and the most venerable existing specimens of this branch of human ingenuity belong to art, not to literature; and to Egypt, the cradle and nursery of art.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

WrightnounUS /raɪt/

United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)

From this reading In his admirable _History of Caricature and Grotesque_, 1865, Wright has accumulated such an immense body of information on this most interesting subject of inquiry that, so far as it goes, it will supersede the necessity for traversing the ground again.

WRITINGnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading ORIGIN OF THIS CLASS OF LITERATURE, AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY--JESTS BEFORE JEST-BOOKS--INFLUENCE OF THE ARTS OF WRITING AND PRINTING LONG SUBSEQUENT TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CARICATURE AND HUMOUR.

Chapter 2 of Studies in jocular literature by William Carew Hazlitt holds 31 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Studies in jocular literature contain?

Chapter 2 holds 31 sentences of Studies in jocular literature, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

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