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Studies in jocular literature
Studies in jocular literature

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Studies in jocular literature is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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ANALECTA.
It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.
Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--
1.
_Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Studies in jocular literature

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Studies in jocular literature is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ANALECTA.
Line 2
It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.
Line 3
Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--
Line 4
1.
Line 5
_Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Ana noun US /ˈɑːnə/

mother of the ancient Irish gods; sometimes identified with Danu

From this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

collections noun US /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

Copley noun US /ˈkɑːpli/

American painter who did portraits of Paul Revere and John Hancock before fleeing to England to avoid the American Revolution (1738-1815)

From this reading “_Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.”

editors noun US /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

hearsay noun US /ˈhiːrseɪ/

gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

pioneers noun US /ˌpaɪəˈnɪrz/

plural of “pioneer” — someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art

From this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

scope noun US /skoʊp/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

traceable adjective US /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

advanced stage adjective + noun

In this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

from hearsay preposition + noun

In this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

social order adjective + noun

In this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

consists of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--”

certain stage adjective + noun

In this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

of civilisation preposition + noun

In this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

quickened into verb + particle counted as “quicken into”

In this reading “It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1.

1595

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

acceptationnoun

acceptance as true or valid

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

adducingnoun

citing as evidence or proof

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

affordedverbUS /əˈfɔːrdəd/

past form of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

AnanounUS /ˈɑːnə/

mother of the ancient Irish gods; sometimes identified with Danu

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

ANALECTAnoun

a collection of excerpts from a literary work

From this reading ANALECTA.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

AnotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

AnthonynounUS /ˈænθəni/

Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)

From this reading _Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

artificialadjectiveUS /ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəl/

contrived by art rather than nature

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

Athenæus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

Aulus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

civilisationnoun

the social process whereby societies achieve an advanced stage of development and organization

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

collectionsnounUS /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

CopleynounUS /ˈkɑːpli/

American painter who did portraits of Paul Revere and John Hancock before fleeing to England to avoid the American Revolution (1738-1815)

From this reading _Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

distinctadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋkt/

(often followed by “from”) not alike; different in nature or quality

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

eccentricadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsentrɪk/

conspicuously or grossly unconventional or unusual

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

editorsnounUS /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

establishmentnounUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

examplesnounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəlz/

plural of “example” — an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

FanciesnounUS /ˈfænsiz/

plural of “fancy” — something many people believe that is false

From this reading _Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

FitsnounUS /fɪts/

plural of “fit” — a display of bad temper

From this reading _Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

Gellius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

GreeksnounUS /ɡriːks/

plural of “greek” — the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

hearsaynounUS /ˈhiːrseɪ/

gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

jestnounUS /dʒest/

a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

jest-books

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

perceptionnounUS /pərˈsepʃən/

the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

pioneersnounUS /ˌpaɪəˈnɪrz/

plural of “pioneer” — someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

politenessnounUS /pəˈlaɪtnəs/

a courteous manner that respects accepted social usage

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

quickenedverbUS /ˈkwɪkənd/

past form of “quicken” — move faster

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

ridiculousadjectiveUS /rɪˈdɪkjələs/

inspiring scornful pity

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

scopenounUS /skoʊp/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

sectionnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

standardadjectiveUS /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

traceableadjectiveUS /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

typicaladjectiveUS /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Another and distinct section of jest-books consists of what may be treated as the pioneers of the English Ana--collections made by editors from other books and from hearsay among their friends or in company; and of these I shall content myself with adducing as specimens--

WitsnounUS /wɪts/

the basic human power of intelligent thought and perception

From this reading _Wits, Fits, and Fancies_, by Anthony Copley, 1595.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading It was not till the Greeks and Romans had arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation that scope was afforded to the class of writers of whom we are accustomed to regard Athenæus and Aulus Gellius as typical examples; and somewhat on a similar principle the development of the jest in the more modern acceptation is traceable back only to a certain stage of social order, when a perception of the ridiculous or eccentric was quickened into life by the establishment of an artificial standard among us of politeness and opinion.

Chapter 16 of Studies in jocular literature by William Carew Hazlitt holds 30 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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