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Sturdy and Strong
Sturdy and Strong

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Sturdy and Strong is here in full — 375 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/75 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WORK.
The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.
Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.
"There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.
"It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sturdy and Strong

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Sturdy and Strong is here in full — 375 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/75 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WORK.
/wɜːrk/
Line 2
The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.
Line 3
Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.
/ˌɔːlˈðoʊ bɪl wɑːz ˈsʌmˈwʌt sərˈpraɪzd æt hɪz kəmˈpænjən nɑːt bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ wɜːrk æt ðə ˈjuːʒəwəl taɪm hiː æskt noʊ ˈkwestʃənz fɔːr hɪz feɪθ ɪn dʒɔːrdʒ wɑːz soʊ ənˈbaʊndɪd ðæt ˈevriθɪŋ hiː dɪd wɑːz raɪt ɪn hɪz aɪz/
Line 4
"There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.
/ðer ɪz ˈaʊər læst deɪz wɜːrk ɪn ðə ˈmɑːrkət bɪl dʒɔːrdʒ sed æz ðeɪ riːtʃt ðer lɔːft ðæt ˈiːvnɪŋ/
Line 5
"It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

exchanged adjective US /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒd/

changed for (replaced by) something different

From this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

expects verb US /ɪkˈspekts/

third-person singular of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading “"It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.”

hay noun US /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

loft noun US /lɔːft/

floor consisting of a large unpartitioned space over a factory or warehouse or other commercial space

From this reading “"There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.”

shelling noun US /ˈʃelɪŋ/

the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target

From this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

unbounded adjective US /ənˈbaʊndɪd/

seemingly boundless in amount, number, degree, or especially extent

From this reading “Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.”

untouched adjective US /ənˈtʌtʃt/

still full

From this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

walnuts noun US /ˈwɔːlnʌts/

plural of “walnut” — nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell

From this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next morning adjective + noun

In this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

somewhat surprised adverb + adjective

In this reading “Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.”

early morning adjective + noun

In this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

working clothes adjective + noun

In this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

went out verb + adjective counted as “go out”

move out of or depart from

In this reading “The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.”

long way adjective + noun

In this reading “"It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.”

last day's adjective + noun counted as “last day”

(New Testament) day at the end of time following Armageddon when God will decree the fates of all individual humans according to the good and evil of their earthly lives

In this reading “"There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.”

in the market preposition + article + noun counted as “in … market”

In this reading “"There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

aint

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

BillnounUS /bɪl/

a statute in draft before it becomes law

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

bundlenounUS /ˈbʌndəl/

a collection of things wrapped or boxed together

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

clothesnounUS /kloʊðz/

clothing in general

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

companionnounUS /kəmˈpænjən/

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

containingverbUS /kənˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

exchangedadjectiveUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒd/

changed for (replaced by) something different

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

expectsverbUS /ɪkˈspekts/

third-person singular of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

faithnounUS /feɪθ/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

hidverbUS /hɪd/

inflected form of “hide” — prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

It's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

loftnounUS /lɔːft/

floor consisting of a large unpartitioned space over a factory or warehouse or other commercial space

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

marketnounUS /ˈmɑːrkət/

the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

old-clothes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

rejoinedverbUS /riˈdʒɔɪnd/

past form of “rejoin” — join again

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

returningadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

tending to return to an earlier state

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

shellingnounUS /ˈʃelɪŋ/

the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

shopverbUS /ʃɑːp/

do one's shopping

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "There is our last day's work in the market, Bill," George said as they reached their loft that evening.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

unboundedadjectiveUS /ənˈbaʊndɪd/

seemingly boundless in amount, number, degree, or especially extent

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

untouchedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʌtʃt/

still full

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

walnutsnounUS /ˈwɔːlnʌts/

plural of “walnut” — nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Although Bill was somewhat surprised at his companion not beginning work at the usual time he asked no questions, for his faith in George was so unbounded that everything he did was right in his eyes.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

WORKverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading WORK.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading The next morning George went out with the bundle containing his Sunday clothes, which had been untouched since his arrival in town, and going to an old-clothes shop he exchanged them for a suit of working clothes in fair condition, and then returning hid his bundle in the hay and rejoined Bill, who had from early morning been at work shelling walnuts.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "It's your last day's work, George, I aint no doubt; but I expects it aint mine by a long way.

Chapter 3 of Sturdy and Strong by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 375 sentences, grouped into 75 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Sturdy and Strong contain?

Chapter 3 holds 375 sentences of Sturdy and Strong, unabridged, divided into 75 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Sturdy and Strong by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 375 sentences, grouped into 75 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Sturdy and Strong?

Work through the 75 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 75 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sturdy and Strong

Common questions about reading Sturdy and Strong by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sturdy and Strong?

Yes. All 3967 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33939 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sturdy and Strong is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33939, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sturdy and Strong take to read?

About 330 minutes of reading across 794 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sturdy and Strong section by section

How to work through Sturdy and Strong section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Sturdy and Strong to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sturdy and Strong

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sturdy and Strong, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sturdy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sturdy and Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Strong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sturdy and Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sturdy and Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Andrews
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sturdy and Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.