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Submarine U93
Submarine U93

Chapter XXIV · The Tables Turned

Chapter XXIV of Submarine U93, “The Tables Turned,” is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.
They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.
Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.
They had become strong, brave and skilful.
The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Submarine U93

Chapter XXIV · The Tables Turned

Chapter XXIV of Submarine U93, “The Tables Turned,” is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.
Line 2
They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.
Line 3
Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.
/ðer ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz hæd ˈfɑːloʊd ðə seɪm ˈkɔːlɪŋ fɔːr ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən ˈæftər ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən ənd ɪn ˈkɑːnsəkwəns ðɪs reɪs ʌv ˈhɑːrdi men hæd bɪn bred ɑːn ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ʌv ðə sərˈvaɪvəl ʌv ðə ˈfɪtəst/
Line 4
They had become strong, brave and skilful.
Line 5
The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anon adverb US /ˌæˈnɔːn/

at another time

From this reading “The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.”

bred verb US /bred/

inflected form of “breed” — call forth

From this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

fishermen noun US /ˈfɪʃərmɪn/

plural of “fisherman” — someone whose occupation is catching fish

From this reading “They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.”

fittest adjective US /ˈfɪtəst/

superlative of “fit” — meeting adequate standards for a purpose

From this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

fogs noun US /fɔːɡz/

plural of “fog” — droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading “They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.”

forefathers noun US /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

shoals noun US /ʃoʊlz/

plural of “shoal” — a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide

From this reading “They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.”

survival noun US /sərˈvaɪvəl/

a state of surviving; remaining alive

From this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

all probability adjective + noun

In this reading “In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.”

natural element adjective + noun

In this reading “The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.”

in consequence preposition + noun

In this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

after generation preposition + noun

In this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

for generation preposition + noun

In this reading “Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

anonadverbUS /ˌæˈnɔːn/

at another time

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

BanknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading They had become strong, brave and skilful.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading They had become strong, brave and skilful.

bredverbUS /bred/

inflected form of “breed” — call forth

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

destroyverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

Dogger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

earnedadjectiveUS /ɜːrnd/

gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

fishermennounUS /ˈfɪʃərmɪn/

plural of “fisherman” — someone whose occupation is catching fish

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

fittestadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəst/

superlative of “fit” — meeting adequate standards for a purpose

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

fogsnounUS /fɔːɡz/

plural of “fog” — droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

forefathersnounUS /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

giftsnounUS /ɡɪfts/

plural of “gift” — something acquired without compensation

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

hardyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrdi/

having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

perilnounUS /ˈperəl/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

probabilitynounUS /ˌprɑːbəˈbɪlətiː/

a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

shipwrecked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

shoalsnounUS /ʃoʊlz/

plural of “shoal” — a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

skilfuladjective

having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

From this reading They had become strong, brave and skilful.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading They had become strong, brave and skilful.

stroveverbUS /stroʊv/

inflected form of “strive” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

survivalnounUS /sərˈvaɪvəl/

a state of surviving; remaining alive

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Their forefathers had followed the same calling for generation after generation; and in consequence, this race of hardy men had been bred on the principle of the survival of the fittest.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

unsparinglyadverb

in a scathing and unsparing manner

From this reading The sea was at once their natural element and the mother of them all, who gave her gifts unsparingly, but who ever and anon strove to betray and to destroy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were fishermen by trade, who earned their living at the peril of their lives amid the fogs and shoals of the Dogger Bank.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In all probability, there was not one of these men who had not been shipwrecked before.

Chapter 24 of Submarine U93 by Charles Gilson holds 121 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of Submarine U93 contain?

Chapter 24 holds 121 sentences of Submarine U93, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of Submarine U93 by Charles Gilson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 121 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of Submarine U93?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 24 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Submarine U93

Common questions about reading Submarine U93 by Charles Gilson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Submarine U93?

Yes. All 3790 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39387 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Submarine U93 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39387, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Submarine U93 take to read?

About 315 minutes of reading across 758 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Submarine U93 section by section

How to work through Submarine U93 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of Submarine U93 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Submarine U93

Words and structures a reader meets early in Submarine U93, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Submarine U93; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Incident
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Submarine U93; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Known
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Submarine U93; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Submarine U93; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.