Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Sun and moon
Sun and moon

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Sun and moon is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Sun and moon
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.
Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.
She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.
"My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.
But it's hard, isn't it?"
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sun and moon

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Sun and moon is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.
/ɪn ðə fɜːrst rɪˈliːf ðæt ˈfɑːloʊd ðɪs ˈkaɪndli ˈɡriːtɪŋ ˈnænsi ˈnɪrli broʊk daʊn/
Line 2
Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.
Line 3
She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.
/ʃiː kʊd nɑːt help ˈsɑːbɪŋ bʌt ðə oʊld ˈwʊmən stroʊkt hɜːr hændz æz ðoʊ ʃiː nuː ðə ˈmɪzəri pent ʌp ɪn ðə hɑːrt ʌv ðɪs ˈeɪliən braɪd/
Line 4
"My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.
/maɪ ˈhʌzbənd ənd jɔːr ˈfɑːðər wɜːr frendz ʃiː sed ənd aɪ æm ɡlæd ðæt hɪz ˈdɔːtər hæz bɪˈkʌm maɪ ˈɡrændɔːtər/
Line 5
But it's hard, isn't it?"

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alien adjective US /ˈeɪliən/

not contained in or deriving from the essential nature of something

From this reading “She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.”

bride noun US /braɪd/

a woman who has recently been married

From this reading “She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.”

granddaughter noun US /ˈɡrændɔːtər/

a female grandchild

From this reading “"My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.”

greeting noun US /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/

(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading “In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.”

Nancy noun US /ˈnænsi/

a city in northeastern France in Lorraine

From this reading “In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.”

pent adjective US /pent/

closely confined

From this reading “She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.”

sobbing noun US /ˈsɑːbɪŋ/

convulsive gasp made while weeping

From this reading “She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.”

stroked verb US /stroʊkt/

past form of “stroke” — touch lightly and repeatedly, as with brushing motions

From this reading “She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

kindly greeting adjective + noun

In this reading “In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.”

old woman adjective + noun

a woman who is old

In this reading “She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.”

nearly broke adverb + adjective

In this reading “In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alienadjectiveUS /ˈeɪliən/

not contained in or deriving from the essential nature of something

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

bridenounUS /braɪd/

a woman who has recently been married

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

gladadjectiveUS /ɡlæd/

showing or causing joy and pleasure; especially made happy

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

granddaughternounUS /ˈɡrændɔːtər/

a female grandchild

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

greetingnounUS /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/

(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading But it's hard, isn't it?"

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

isn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But it's hard, isn't it?"

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But it's hard, isn't it?"

it's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But it's hard, isn't it?"

kindlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndli/

showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

NancynounUS /ˈnænsi/

a city in northeastern France in Lorraine

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

pentadjectiveUS /pent/

closely confined

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

reliefnounUS /rɪˈliːf/

the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

sobbingnounUS /ˈsɑːbɪŋ/

convulsive gasp made while weeping

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

strokedverbUS /stroʊkt/

past form of “stroke” — touch lightly and repeatedly, as with brushing motions

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

TearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In the first relief that followed this kindly greeting, Nancy nearly broke down.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

welled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading She could not help sobbing, but the old woman stroked her hands as though she knew the misery pent up in the heart of this alien bride.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Tears welled to her eyes, do what she would to hold them back.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "My husband and your father were friends," she said, "and I am glad that his daughter has become my granddaughter.

Chapter 31 of Sun and moon by Vincent H. (Vincent Herbert) Gowen holds 154 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Sun and moon contain?

Chapter 31 holds 154 sentences of Sun and moon, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Sun and moon by Vincent H. (Vincent Herbert) Gowen exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 154 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Sun and moon?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sun and moon

Common questions about reading Sun and moon by Vincent H. (Vincent Herbert) Gowen on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sun and moon?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sun and moon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sun and moon take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sun and moon section by section

How to work through Sun and moon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Sun and moon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sun and moon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sun and moon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Sun and moon, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Sun and moon, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Sun and moon, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.