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Tales by Polish Authors
Tales by Polish Authors

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Tales by Polish Authors is here in full — 11 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Tales by Polish Authors
Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.
Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.
Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.
'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'
The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tales by Polish Authors

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Tales by Polish Authors is here in full — 11 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.
Line 2
Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.
Line 3
Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.
Line 4
'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'
Line 5
The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.
/ðə ˈɔːθər raɪts frʌm ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ɪkˈspɪriəns ˈhævɪŋ hɪmˈself bɪn ˈbænɪʃt tuː saɪˈbɪriə fɔːr ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv jɪrz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contemporary adjective US /kənˈtempəreri/

characteristic of the present

From this reading “Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.”

marshall noun US /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

United States actor (1914-1998)

From this reading “London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.”

Poland noun US /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading “Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.”

Polish noun US /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading “Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.”

Siberia noun US /saɪˈbɪriə/

a vast Asian region of Russia; famous for long cold winters

From this reading “The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.”

Siberian noun US /saɪˈbɪriən/

a native or inhabitant of Siberia

From this reading “'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'”

Sketches noun US /ˈsketʃəz/

plural of “sketch” — preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading “'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'”

translator noun US /trænˈsleɪtər/

a person who translates written messages from one language to another

From this reading “Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

generally considered adverb + adjective

In this reading “'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'”

most striking adverb + adjective

In this reading “'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'”

well known adverb + adjective

In this reading “Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.”

appeared in verb + particle counted as “appear in”

In this reading “Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

AdamnounUS /ˈædəm/

(Old Testament) in Judeo-Christian mythology; the first man and the husband of Eve and the progenitor of the human race

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

banishedverbUS /ˈbænɪʃt/

past form of “banish” — expel from a community or group

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

contemporaryadjectiveUS /kənˈtempəreri/

characteristic of the present

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

Henryk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.

LTD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.

Lubartów

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

MARSHALLnounUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

United States actor (1914-1998)

From this reading London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

PolandnounUS /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

PolishnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

SiberianounUS /saɪˈbɪriə/

a vast Asian region of Russia; famous for long cold winters

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

SiberiannounUS /saɪˈbɪriən/

a native or inhabitant of Siberia

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

Sienkiewicz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

Sieroszewski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

SIMPKIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading London SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & Co., LTD.

SketchesnounUS /ˈsketʃəz/

plural of “sketch” — preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

Srul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

Stefan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

strikingadjectiveUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

Szymański

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

Szymański's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'Srul--from Lubartów' is generally considered one of the most striking of Adam Szymański's Siberian 'Sketches.'

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

translatornounUS /trænˈsleɪtər/

a person who translates written messages from one language to another

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

Wacław

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Of the contemporary Polish authors represented in this volume only Henryk Sienkiewicz is well known in England.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

writesverbUS /raɪts/

third-person singular of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The author writes from personal experience, having himself been banished to Siberia for a number of years.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

Żeromski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Although the works of Stefan Żeromski, Adam Szymański, and Wacław Sieroszewski are widely read in Poland, none have as yet appeared in English, so far as the present translator is aware.

Chapter 1 of Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke holds 11 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Tales by Polish Authors contain?

Chapter 1 holds 11 sentences of Tales by Polish Authors, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 11 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Tales by Polish Authors?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tales by Polish Authors

Common questions about reading Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Tales by Polish Authors?

Yes. All 2756 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35456 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Tales by Polish Authors is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35456, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Tales by Polish Authors take to read?

About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Tales by Polish Authors section by section

How to work through Tales by Polish Authors section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Tales by Polish Authors to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Tales by Polish Authors

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tales by Polish Authors, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Simpkin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marshall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contemporary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.