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Tales by Polish Authors
Tales by Polish Authors

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Tales by Polish Authors is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.
There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.
Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.
Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.
As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.
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Tales by Polish Authors

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Tales by Polish Authors is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.
Line 2
There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.
Line 3
Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.
Line 4
Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.
Line 5
As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bayonets noun US /ˈbeɪənets/

plural of “bayonet” — a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon

From this reading “Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.”

bounds noun US /baʊndz/

the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something

From this reading “As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.”

bristling verb US /ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bristle” — be in a state of movement or action

From this reading “Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.”

fellow's noun US /ˈfeloʊz/

possessive form of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading “As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.”

gilt adjective US /ɡɪlt/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading “Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.”

glistening adjective US /ˈɡlɪsənɪŋ/

reflecting light

From this reading “Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.”

resembled verb US /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading “Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.”

speck noun US /spek/

a very small spot

From this reading “Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

poor fellow's adjective + noun counted as “poor fellow”

In this reading “As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.”

scarcely visible adverb + adjective

In this reading “There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.”

church tower noun + noun

the tower of a church

In this reading “Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.”

bristling with verb + particle counted as “bristle with”

In this reading “Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.”

cloud of verb + particle

In this reading “There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.”

crowd of verb + particle

In this reading “Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

Bartek

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

bayonetsnounUS /ˈbeɪənets/

plural of “bayonet” — a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

boundsnounUS /baʊndz/

the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

bristlingverbUS /ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bristle” — be in a state of movement or action

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

cloudverbUS /klaʊd/

make overcast or cloudy

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

cryingadjectiveUS /ˈkraɪɪŋ/

demanding attention

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

faintlyadverbUS /ˈfeɪntli/

to a faint degree or weakly perceived

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

fellow'snounUS /ˈfeloʊz/

possessive form of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

giltadjectiveUS /ɡɪlt/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

glisteningadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɪsənɪŋ/

reflecting light

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

lime-tree

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

Magda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

OnlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

Pognębin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

resembledverbUS /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

rushedadjectiveUS /rʌʃt/

done under pressure

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

shineverbUS /ʃaɪn/

be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

SoonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

specknounUS /spek/

a very small spot

From this reading Soon the lime-tree also disappeared, and the gilt cross resembled a shining speck.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Only the lime-tree showed faintly, and the church tower, glistening as the rays of the sun played upon it.

vanishedadjectiveUS /ˈvænɪʃt/

having passed out of existence

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There seemed to be no end to the long cloud of smoke; Pognębin was also scarcely visible.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading As long as that speck continued to shine Bartek kept his eyes fixed upon it, but when that vanished too there were no bounds to the poor fellow's grief.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Magda, with the crowd of women, returned crying to Pognębin in one direction; in the other the train, bristling with bayonets, rushed into the grey distance, and Bartek with it.

Chapter 3 of Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke holds 142 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Tales by Polish Authors contain?

Chapter 3 holds 142 sentences of Tales by Polish Authors, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 142 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Tales by Polish Authors?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tales by Polish Authors

Common questions about reading Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Tales by Polish Authors?

Yes. All 2756 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35456 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Tales by Polish Authors is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35456, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Tales by Polish Authors take to read?

About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Tales by Polish Authors section by section

How to work through Tales by Polish Authors section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Tales by Polish Authors

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tales by Polish Authors, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Simpkin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marshall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contemporary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.