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Tales by Polish Authors
Tales by Polish Authors

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Tales by Polish Authors is here in full — 220 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
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The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.
For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.
The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.
The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.
The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tales by Polish Authors

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Tales by Polish Authors is here in full — 220 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.
Line 2
For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.
/fɔːr æt ðə kəˈmensmənt hiː ənd hɪz ˈredʒəmənt wɜːr toʊld tuː ˈɔːrdər ɑːrmz ənd weɪt æt ðə ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ə hɪl ˈkʌvərd baɪ ə ˈvɪnjərd/
Line 3
The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.
Line 4
The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.
/ðə ʃelz ɑːn ðə hɪl fluː ˈhɪsɪŋ əˈkrɔːs ðə bluː skaɪ ɪn ðə fɔːrm ʌv smɔːl waɪt klaʊdz ðen smoʊk fɪld ðə er ənd hɪd ðə hərˈaɪzən/
Line 5
The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.
/ðə ˈbætəl siːmd laɪk ə stɔːrm wɪtʃ ˈpæsəz θruː ə ˈdɪstrɪkt wɪˈθaʊt ˈlæstɪŋ lɔːŋ ˈeniwer/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

booming adjective US /ˈbuːmɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading “The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.”

clatter noun US /ˈklætər/

a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)

From this reading “The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.”

commencement noun US /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading “For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.”

flags noun US /flæɡz/

plural of “flag” — emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading “The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.”

hissing noun US /ˈhɪsɪŋ/

a fricative sound (especially as an expression of disapproval)

From this reading “The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.”

lasting adjective US /ˈlæstɪŋ/

continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

From this reading “The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.”

squadrons noun US /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.”

vineyard noun US /ˈvɪnjərd/

a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced

From this reading “For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

pitched battle adjective + noun

a fierce battle fought in close combat between troops in predetermined positions at a chosen time and place

In this reading “The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.”

blue sky adjective + noun

the sky as viewed during daylight

In this reading “The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.”

drawn swords adjective + noun counted as “drawn sword”

In this reading “The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.”

passes through verb + particle counted as “pass through”

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.”

at the bottom preposition + article + noun counted as “at … bottom”

In this reading “For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.”

at the commencement preposition + article + noun counted as “at … commencement”

In this reading “For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.”

look at verb + particle

take into consideration for exemplifying purposes

In this reading “The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.”

small white adjective + noun

small widely distributed form

In this reading “The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

anywhereadverbUS /ˈeniwer/

at or in or to any place

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

Bartek

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

boomingadjectiveUS /ˈbuːmɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

chargedadjectiveUS /tʃɑːrdʒd/

of a particle or body or system; having a net amount of positive or negative electric charge

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

clatternounUS /ˈklætər/

a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

commencementnounUS /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

convincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

Cuirassiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

flagsnounUS /flæɡz/

plural of “flag” — emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

flewverbUS /fluː/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

Gravelotte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

hidverbUS /hɪd/

inflected form of “hide” — prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

hissingnounUS /ˈhɪsɪŋ/

a fricative sound (especially as an expression of disapproval)

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

horizonnounUS /hərˈaɪzən/

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

lastingadjectiveUS /ˈlæstɪŋ/

continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

passesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

pitchedadjectiveUS /pɪtʃt/

(of sound) set to a certain pitch or key; usually used as a combining form

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

regimentverbUS /ˈredʒəmənt/

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

shooknounUS /ʃʊk/

a disassembled barrel; the parts packed for storage or shipment

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

squadronsnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

swordsnounUS /sɔːrdz/

plural of “sword” — a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

vineyardnounUS /ˈvɪnjərd/

a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The particular share he took at first in the pitched battle of Gravelotte, merely convinced Bartek of this fact,--that in war there is plenty to look at, but nothing to do.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading For at the commencement he and his regiment were told to order arms and wait at the bottom of a hill covered by a vineyard.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading The shells on the hill flew hissing across the blue sky in the form of small white clouds, then smoke filled the air and hid the horizon.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The guns were booming in the distance, squadrons of cavalry charged past near at hand with a clatter which shook the earth; then the flags passed, then Cuirassiers with drawn swords.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The battle seemed like a storm which passes through a district without lasting long anywhere.

Chapter 5 of Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke holds 220 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Tales by Polish Authors contain?

Chapter 5 holds 220 sentences of Tales by Polish Authors, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 220 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Tales by Polish Authors?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tales by Polish Authors

Common questions about reading Tales by Polish Authors by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Tales by Polish Authors?

Yes. All 2756 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35456 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Tales by Polish Authors is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35456, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Tales by Polish Authors take to read?

About 229 minutes of reading across 552 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Tales by Polish Authors section by section

How to work through Tales by Polish Authors section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Tales by Polish Authors to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Tales by Polish Authors

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tales by Polish Authors, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Simpkin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marshall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contemporary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales by Polish Authors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.