1575
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
addressingverbUS /əˈdresɪŋ/
-ing form of “address” — speak to
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
AdriaticnounUS /ˌeɪdriˈætɪk/
an arm of the Mediterranean between Slovenia and Croatia and Montenegro and Albania on the east and Italy on the west
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/
later than; following
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
surrounding, or on every side of, something
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
attemptsnounUS /əˈtempts/
plural of “attempt” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/
bring into balance or equilibrium
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
bathnounUS /bæθ/
a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/
the past participle of “be”
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
broadsidenounUS /ˈbrɔːdsaɪd/
an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
cheeringnounUS /ˈtʃɪrɪŋ/
encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
anything that covers or conceals
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
complimentverbUS /ˈkɑːmpləment/
say something to someone that expresses praise
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
the event of dying or departure from life
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
deprivedadjectiveUS /dɪˈpraɪvd/
marked by deprivation especially of the necessities of life or healthful environmental influences
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
Doge's
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
being or moving lower in position or less in some value
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
drippingnounUS /ˈdrɪpɪŋ/
a liquid (as water) that flows in drops (as from the eaves of house)
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
encumbrancenoun
an onerous or difficult concern
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
festivitiesnounUS /feˈstɪvətiz/
plural of “festivity” — any joyous diversion
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
firedadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪərd/
having lost your job
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
set up or found
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
characteristic of or befitting a friend
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
frigatenounUS /ˈfrɪɡət/
a medium size square-rigged warship of the 18th and 19th centuries
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/
plural of “garment” — an article of clothing
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
glidingnounUS /ˈɡlaɪdɪŋ/
the activity of flying a glider
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
gondolanounUS /ˈɡɑːndələ/
a low flat-bottomed freight car with fixed sides but no roof
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
harbourverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/
secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/
the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
impracticableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpræktɪkəbəl/
not capable of being carried out or put into practice
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
an instinctive motive
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/
moving to the inside of something
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
of comparatively little physical weight or density
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
used to say something is possible, or to give permission
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
a particular point in time
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
the time period between dawn and noon
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
belonging to the person speaking
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
used when the speaker is also the object of the action
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
come into possession of
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
belonging to the speaker and others
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
precipitatedverbUS /prɪˈsɪpɪteɪtɪd/
past form of “precipitate” — bring about abruptly
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
promptitudenoun
the characteristic of doing things without delay
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
stay the same; remain in a certain state
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
past form of “render” — cause to become
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
to give an account or representation of in words
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/
past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
uttered with a trill
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
being the one previously mentioned or spoken of
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
rescued; especially from the power and consequences of sin
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
self-possessionnoun
the trait of resolutely controlling your own behavior
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure
From this reading "Our bath has been a cold one," said he, addressing me with a friendly and cheering smile.
(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
having a supporting base
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/
impressive in appearance
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
stunningadjectiveUS /ˈstʌnɪŋ/
commanding attention
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
happening without warning or in a short space of time
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
supportedadjectiveUS /səˈpɔːrtɪd/
sustained or maintained by aid (as distinct from physical support)
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
swimmingnounUS /ˈswɪmɪŋ/
the act of swimming
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
inflected form of “tell” — express in words
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
TurkishadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrkɪʃ/
of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/
below or beneath something; less than
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
not expected or anticipated
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
untimelyadjectiveUS /ənˈtaɪmli/
badly timed
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
vehiclenounUS /ˈviːhɪkəl/
a conveyance that transports people or objects
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
VenicenounUS /ˈvenəs/
the provincial capital of Veneto; built on 118 islands within a lagoon in the Gulf of Venice; has canals instead of streets; one of Italy's major ports and a famous tourist attraction
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
a tube in which a body fluid circulates
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
a way of regarding situations or topics etc.
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading The encumbrance of a cloak rendered swimming impracticable, and, after some vain attempts to remain on the surface, I went down.
at the time that
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading The rolling of the stately vessel gave a sudden impulse to the light vehicle in which I was then standing to obtain a better view of the festivities around me; the unexpected and stunning report deprived me for a moment of self-possession and balance, and I was precipitated into the water.
belonging to which person
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
in the company of; together with
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days
From this reading On a bright May morning, in the year 1575, my gondola was gliding under the guns of a Turkish frigate in the harbour of Venice, when she fired a broadside in compliment to the Doge's marriage with the Adriatic.
(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth
From this reading When restored to consciousness, I found myself in the gondola, supported by a young man, whose dripping garments told me that I had been saved from untimely death by his courage and promptitude.
