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Tales of Bengal
Tales of Bengal

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Tales of Bengal is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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The Rival Markets.
The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.
Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.
It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).
If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tales of Bengal

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Tales of Bengal is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Rival Markets.
/ðə ˈraɪvəl ˈmɑːrkəts/
Line 2
The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.
Line 3
Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.
Line 4
It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).
Line 5
If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.
/ɪf æz ˈɔːfən ˈhæpənz ðə ˈderɪŋ ˈspekjəleɪtər biː ə mæn ʌv ˈsʌbstəns hiː emˈplɔɪz ˈsɪmələr miːnz ɪn hɪz dɪˈfens/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Babu noun US /bɑːˈbuː/

used as a Hindi courtesy title; equivalent to English “Mr”

From this reading “The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.”

employs noun US /emˈplɔɪz/

plural of “employ” — the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading “If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.”

Hucksters noun US /ˈhʌkstərz/

plural of “huckster” — a seller of shoddy goods

From this reading “Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.”

levied verb US /ˈlevid/

inflected form of “levy” — impose and collect

From this reading “Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.”

Markets noun US /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading “The Rival Markets.”

proprietors noun US /prəˈpraɪətərz/

plural of “proprietor” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading “It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).”

speculator noun US /ˈspekjəleɪtər/

someone who makes conjectures without knowing the facts

From this reading “If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.”

tolls noun US /toʊlz/

plural of “toll” — a fee levied for the use of roads or bridges (used for maintenance)

From this reading “Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

annoyancenounUS /əˈnɔɪəns/

the psychological state of being irritated or annoyed

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

attendancenounUS /əˈtendəns/

the act of being present (at a meeting or event etc.)

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

BabunounUS /bɑːˈbuː/

used as a Hindi courtesy title; equivalent to English “Mr”

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

Babu's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

clubmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

country-folk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

employsnounUS /emˈplɔɪz/

plural of “employ” — the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

endeavournounUS /ɪnˈdevər/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

grievouslyadverbUS /ˈɡriːvəsli/

in a grievous manner

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

happensverbUS /ˈhæpənz/

third-person singular of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

HuckstersnounUS /ˈhʌkstərz/

plural of “huckster” — a seller of shoddy goods

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

immediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːət/

of the present time and place

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

infiniteadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfənət/

having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

Kumodini

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

leviedverbUS /ˈlevid/

inflected form of “levy” — impose and collect

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

lighternounUS /ˈlaɪtər/

a substance used to ignite or kindle a fire

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

láthiáls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

marketnounUS /ˈmɑːrkət/

the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

MarketsnounUS /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading The Rival Markets.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

neighbourhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

ownedadjectiveUS /oʊnd/

having an owner; often used in combination

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

proprietorsnounUS /prəˈpraɪətərz/

plural of “proprietor” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

Ramani

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

Ramani's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

RivalverbUS /ˈraɪvəl/

be equal to in quality or ability

From this reading The Rival Markets.

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

speculatornounUS /ˈspekjəleɪtər/

someone who makes conjectures without knowing the facts

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading If, as often happens, the daring speculator be a man of substance, he employs similar means in his defence.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Rival Markets.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

tollsnounUS /toʊlz/

plural of “toll” — a fee levied for the use of roads or bridges (used for maintenance)

From this reading Hucksters and country-folk found the tolls levied there so much lighter, that the attendance at Ramani's fell off grievously.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The immediate success of Kumodini Babu's market caused infinite annoyance to Ramani Babu, who owned one long established in the neighbourhood.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It is well known that when a new market is started, proprietors already in the field endeavour to break it up with the aid of paid láthiáls (clubmen).

Chapter 3 of Tales of Bengal by S. B. Banerjea holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Tales of Bengal contain?

Chapter 3 holds 111 sentences of Tales of Bengal, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Tales of Bengal by S. B. Banerjea exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Tales of Bengal?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Words and structures a reader meets early in Tales of Bengal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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