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Tales of the peerage and the peasantry
Tales of the peerage and the peasantry

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Tales of the peerage and the peasantry
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.
His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!
The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!
How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.
Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tales of the peerage and the peasantry

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.
Line 2
His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!
Line 3
The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!
Line 4
How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.
Line 5
Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bolts noun US /boʊlts/

plural of “bolt” — a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading “The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!”

cherish verb US /ˈtʃerɪʃ/

be fond of; be attached to

From this reading “His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!”

compressed adjective US /kəmˈprest/

pressed tightly together

From this reading “His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!”

impotent adjective US /ˈɪmpətənt/

lacking power or ability

From this reading “How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.”

indignity noun US /ˌɪnˈdɪɡnətiː/

an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem

From this reading “Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.”

moat noun US /moʊt/

ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water

From this reading “The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!”

rebelled verb US /rɪˈbeld/

inflected form of “rebel” — take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance

From this reading “The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!”

strides noun US /straɪdz/

plural of “stride” — a step in walking or running

From this reading “His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

compressed lip adjective + noun

In this reading “His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!”

slender waist adjective + noun

In this reading “His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!”

dragged along verb + particle counted as “drag along”

In this reading “His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!”

interview with verb + particle

In this reading “Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.”

high walls adjective + noun counted as “high wall”

In this reading “The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

agitationnounUS /ˌædʒəˈteɪʃən/

a mental state of extreme emotional disturbance

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

agonisingadjective

extremely painful

From this reading How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

barsnounUS /bɑːrz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

boltsnounUS /boʊlts/

plural of “bolt” — a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

cherishverbUS /ˈtʃerɪʃ/

be fond of; be attached to

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

compressedadjectiveUS /kəmˈprest/

pressed tightly together

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

countessnounUS /ˈkaʊntəs/

female equivalent of a count or earl

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

DistressnounUS /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

draggedverbUS /dræɡd/

inflected form of “drag” — pull, as against a resistance

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

eventuallyadverbUS /ɪˈventʃəwəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

facultynounUS /ˈfækəlti/

one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

flashedverbUS /flæʃt/

past form of “flash” — gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

grievedverbUS /ɡriːvd/

past form of “grieve” — feel grief

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

guardsnounUS /ɡɑːrdz/

plural of “guard” — a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

hastyadjectiveUS /ˈheɪsti/

excessively quick

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

impotentadjectiveUS /ˈɪmpətənt/

lacking power or ability

From this reading How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.

indignitynounUS /ˌɪnˈdɪɡnətiː/

an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

keenlyadverbUS /ˈkiːnli/

in a keen or penetrating way

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

lipnounUS /lɪp/

either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

moatnounUS /moʊt/

ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

Nithsdale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

ohnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

pacedverbUS /peɪst/

past form of “pace” — walk with slow or fast paces

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

picturedadjectiveUS /ˈpɪktʃərd/

seen in the mind as a mental image

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading How agonising was the impotent indignation which possessed his every faculty.

powerlessadjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərləs/

lacking power

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

rebelledverbUS /rɪˈbeld/

inflected form of “rebel” — take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

roughlyadverbUS /ˈrʌfli/

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

rudeadjectiveUS /ruːd/

socially incorrect in behavior

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

shrinkingnounUS /ˈʃrɪŋkɪŋ/

process or result of becoming less or smaller

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

slenderadjectiveUS /ˈslendər/

being of delicate or slender build

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

stridesnounUS /straɪdz/

plural of “stride” — a step in walking or running

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

swornadjectiveUS /swɔːrn/

bound by or as if by an oath

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

virtue's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

waistnounUS /weɪst/

the narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The bars, the bolts, the high walls, the moat, the guards! oh, how his soul rebelled against them all!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

Winifred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

wishesnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪz/

plural of “wish” — a specific feeling of desire

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Distress is virtue's opportunity.--_Southern._ The Earl of Nithsdale felt even more keenly than did the countess the indignity with which she had been treated in her interview with the king.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading His dark eye flashed, he bit his compressed lip till the blood almost started; he paced the apartment with hasty strides, as he pictured to himself his graceful, his delicate, his shrinking Winifred, on whose fair form he would scarcely allow the winds to blow too roughly, dragged along the floor, the rude hands of strangers round that slender waist; and it was then he felt indeed that he was a prisoner, powerless to defend her whom he had sworn to cherish!

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Lady Nithsdale grieved to see his agitation, and yet from his very agitation she gathered hope that she might eventually work him to her wishes.

Chapter 15 of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry by Arabella Jane Sullivan holds 114 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry contain?

Chapter 15 holds 114 sentences of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry by Arabella Jane Sullivan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 114 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tales of the peerage and the peasantry

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Yes. All 6070 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75709 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #75709, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 505 minutes of reading across 1214 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Tales of the peerage and the peasantry

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tales of the peerage and the peasantry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novels
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cxvii
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tales of the peerage and the peasantry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.