Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Taras Bulba, and Other Tales
Taras Bulba, and Other Tales

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Taras Bulba, and Other Tales
Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!
How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!
On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.
Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!
The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Taras Bulba, and Other Tales

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!
Line 2
How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!
Line 3
On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.
/ɑːn ðə raɪt ɪz ə striːt ɑːn ðə left ə striːt ənd faɪn ˈfensəz ˈevriwer/
Line 4
Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!
Line 5
The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.
/ðə fens ɪz ˌɪnˈveriəbli ˈɡɑːrnɪʃt wɪð ˈɑːrtəkəlz wɪtʃ ˈrendər ɪt stɪl mɔːr ˈpɪktʃərəsk ˈwʊmənz ˈwaɪdˈspred ˈʌndərɡɑːrmənts ʌv tʃekt ˈwʊlən stʌf ʃɜːrts ɔːr ˈtraʊzərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

garnished verb US /ˈɡɑːrnɪʃt/

past form of “garnish” — take a debtor's wages on legal orders, such as for child support

From this reading “The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.”

poppies noun US /ˈpɑːpiz/

plural of “poppy” — annual or biennial or perennial herbs having showy flowers

From this reading “Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!”

pumpkins noun US /ˈpʌmpkənz/

plural of “pumpkin” — a coarse vine widely cultivated for its large pulpy round orange fruit with firm orange skin and numerous seeds; subspecies of Cucurbita pepo include the summer squashes and a few autumn squashes

From this reading “Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!”

sunflowers noun US /ˈsʌnflaʊərz/

plural of “sunflower” — any plant of the genus Helianthus having large flower heads with dark disk florets and showy yellow rays

From this reading “Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!”

twine verb US /twaɪn/

spin, wind, or twist together

From this reading “Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!”

undergarments noun US /ˈʌndərɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “undergarment” — a garment worn under other garments

From this reading “The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.”

widespread adjective US /ˈwaɪdˈspred/

widely circulated or diffused

From this reading “The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.”

woollen noun US /ˈwʊlən/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading “The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

BEFOREprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

blushverbUS /blʌʃ/

turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

buildingsnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋz/

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

checkedadjectiveUS /tʃekt/

patterned with alternating squares of color

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

DISTRICTnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

fenceverbUS /fens/

enclose with a fence

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

fencesnounUS /ˈfensəz/

plural of “fence” — a barrier that serves to enclose an area

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

garnishedverbUS /ˈɡɑːrnɪʃt/

past form of “garnish” — take a debtor's wages on legal orders, such as for child support

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

hangverbUS /hæŋ/

be suspended or hanging

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

hop-vines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

invariablyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

JUDGEverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

MIRGOROD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

OverprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

peepverbUS /piːp/

look furtively

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

picturesqueadjectiveUS /ˈpɪktʃərəsk/

suggesting or suitable for a picture; pretty as a picture

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

PLACEnounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

poppiesnounUS /ˈpɑːpiz/

plural of “poppy” — annual or biennial or perennial herbs having showy flowers

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

potsnounUS /pɑːts/

plural of “pot” — metal or earthenware cooking vessel that is usually round and deep; often has a handle and lid

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

pumpkinsnounUS /ˈpʌmpkənz/

plural of “pumpkin” — a coarse vine widely cultivated for its large pulpy round orange fruit with firm orange skin and numerous seeds; subspecies of Cucurbita pepo include the summer squashes and a few autumn squashes

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

renderverbUS /ˈrendər/

cause to become

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

roofsnounUS /ruːfs/

plural of “roof” — a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

shirtsnounUS /ʃɜːrts/

plural of “shirt” — a garment worn on the upper half of the body

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

strawnounUS /strɔː/

plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading On the right is a street, on the left a street, and fine fences everywhere.

stuffnounUS /stʌf/

the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

sun-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

sunflowersnounUS /ˈsʌnflaʊərz/

plural of “sunflower” — any plant of the genus Helianthus having large flower heads with dark disk florets and showy yellow rays

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

TOOKverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

trousersnounUS /ˈtraʊzərz/

(usually in the plural) a garment extending from the waist to the knee or ankle, covering each leg separately

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

twineverbUS /twaɪn/

spin, wind, or twist together

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

undergarmentsnounUS /ˈʌndərɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “undergarment” — a garment worn under other garments

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Over them twine hop-vines, upon them hang pots; from behind them the sunflowers show their sun-like heads, poppies blush, fat pumpkins peep; all is luxury itself!

WHATpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

widespreadadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪdˈspred/

widely circulated or diffused

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

woman'snounUS /ˈwʊmənz/

possessive form of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading WHAT TOOK PLACE BEFORE THE DISTRICT JUDGE OF MIRGOROD A wonderful town is Mirgorod!

woodenadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdən/

made or consisting of (entirely or in part) or employing wood

From this reading How many buildings are there with straw, rush, and even wooden roofs!

woollennounUS /ˈwʊlən/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading The fence is invariably garnished with articles which render it still more picturesque: woman’s widespread undergarments of checked woollen stuff, shirts, or trousers.

Chapter 16 of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol holds 200 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales contain?

Chapter 16 holds 200 sentences of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 200 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Taras Bulba, and Other Tales

Common questions about reading Taras Bulba, and Other Tales by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales?

Yes. All 5320 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1197 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1197, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Taras Bulba, and Other Tales take to read?

About 443 minutes of reading across 1064 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Taras Bulba, and Other Tales section by section

How to work through Taras Bulba, and Other Tales section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Taras Bulba, and Other Tales

Words and structures a reader meets early in Taras Bulba, and Other Tales, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Round
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ridiculous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Priest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cassock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Taras Bulba, and Other Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.