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Ten Boys from History
Ten Boys from History

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Ten Boys from History is here in full — 439 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.
Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.
The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.
Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:
"Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ten Boys from History

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Ten Boys from History is here in full — 439 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.
Line 2
Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.
Line 3
The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.
Line 4
Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:
Line 5
"Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?
/waɪ ɑːr jiː kʌm aʊt tuː set jɔːr ˈbætəlz ɪn ərˈeɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bethlehem noun US /ˈbeθlɪhem/

a town in eastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River to the northwest of Philadelphia; an important center for steel production

From this reading “Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.”

encounters noun US /ɪnˈkaʊntərz/

plural of “encounter” — a minor short-term fight

From this reading “Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:”

Goliath noun US /ɡəˈlaɪəθ/

(Old Testament) a giant Philistine warrior who was slain by David with a slingshot

From this reading “Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:”

Israelites noun US /ˈɪzrəlaɪts/

the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)

From this reading “The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.”

mightiest adjective US /ˈmaɪtiəst/

superlative of “mighty” — having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading “Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:”

Philistines noun US /ˈfɪləstiːnz/

plural of “philistine” — a person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits

From this reading “The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.”

Saul noun US /sɔːl/

(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)

From this reading “How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.”

unquestioning adjective US /ənˈkwestʃənɪŋ/

not inclined to ask questions

From this reading “Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

arraynounUS /ərˈeɪ/

an orderly arrangement

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

attacksnounUS /əˈtæks/

plural of “attack” — (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

BattlesnounUS /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

BethlehemnounUS /ˈbeθlɪhem/

a town in eastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River to the northwest of Philadelphia; an important center for steel production

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

burstverbUS /bɜːrst/

come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

challengeverbUS /ˈtʃæləndʒ/

take exception to

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

championsnounUS /ˈtʃæmpiənz/

plural of “champion” — someone who has won first place in a competition

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

encampedverbUS /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

encountersnounUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərz/

plural of “encounter” — a minor short-term fight

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

flocksnounUS /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

Gath

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

giantsnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənts/

plural of “giant” — any creature of exceptional size

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

GoliathnounUS /ɡəˈlaɪəθ/

(Old Testament) a giant Philistine warrior who was slain by David with a slingshot

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

hintnounUS /hɪnt/

an indirect suggestion

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

IsraelitesnounUS /ˈɪzrəlaɪts/

the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

Judean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

melancholynounUS /ˈmelənkɑːli/

a feeling of thoughtful sadness

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

mightiestadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪtiəst/

superlative of “mighty” — having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

obediencenounUS /oʊˈbiːdiəns/

the act of obeying; dutiful or submissive behavior with respect to another person

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

opposingadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzɪŋ/

characterized by active hostility

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

overcomeverbUS /ˈoʊvərkʌm/

win a victory over

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

overhungverbUS /oʊvərˈhʌŋ/

inflected form of “overhang” — project over

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

pasture-lands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

PhilistinesnounUS /ˈfɪləstiːnz/

plural of “philistine” — a person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

ridgesnounUS /ˈrɪdʒəz/

plural of “ridge” — a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

SaulnounUS /sɔːl/

(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

Saul's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

sixteenadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːn/

being one more than fifteen

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

tendedverbUS /ˈtendɪd/

past form of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

Terebinthnoun

a Mediterranean tree yielding Chian turpentine

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

unquestioningadjectiveUS /ənˈkwestʃənɪŋ/

not inclined to ask questions

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading How long he remained there, we do not know, but until Saul's attacks of passion and melancholy had been entirely overcome.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Then, in the same spirit of unquestioning obedience as he showed before to the call of circumstances, as soon as he was no longer needed by Saul, David went back again to his home in Bethlehem and again tended his father's flocks in the Judean pasture-lands.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Israelites and the Philistines were still at war, and the two armies were now encamped against each other on opposite ridges that overhung a valley, called the valley of the Terebinth, about sixteen miles from Bethlehem.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Battles in those days were sometimes merely encounters between two champions chosen by the opposing armies to fight for them; but the Philistines had given no hint to the Israelites that this was to be their plan of action, when suddenly, out from their camp there burst forth Goliath, the last and mightiest of the giants of Gath, and shouted out a challenge to the Israelites, saying:

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Why are ye come out to set your battles in array?

Chapter 2 of Ten Boys from History by Kate Dickinson Sweetser holds 439 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Ten Boys from History contain?

Chapter 2 holds 439 sentences of Ten Boys from History, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Ten Boys from History by Kate Dickinson Sweetser exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 439 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Ten Boys from History?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ten Boys from History

Common questions about reading Ten Boys from History by Kate Dickinson Sweetser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ten Boys from History?

Yes. All 1739 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23650 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ten Boys from History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23650, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ten Boys from History take to read?

About 144 minutes of reading across 348 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ten Boys from History section by section

How to work through Ten Boys from History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Ten Boys from History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ten Boys from History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ten Boys from History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dickens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Boys from History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Boys from History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adventurers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Boys from History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Boys from History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.