Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Ten Degrees Backward
Ten Degrees Backward

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Ten Degrees Backward is here in full — 257 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ten Degrees Backward
Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.
It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.
We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.
Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.
It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ten Degrees Backward

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Ten Degrees Backward is here in full — 257 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.
/ə ˈbɜːrθdeɪ ˈprezənt feɪ ənd aɪ wɜːr ˈmerid ˈɜːrli ɪn ðə jɪr wɪtʃ ˈɔːlweɪz əˈpɪrz tuː miː ðə ˈprɑːpər taɪm fɔːr ˈmeriɪŋ ənd ˈɡɪvɪŋ ɪn ˈmerɪdʒ/
Line 2
It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.
/ɪt siːmz soʊ əˈproʊpriət fɔːr ðə nuː ˈhevən ənd ðə nuː ɜːrθ tuː bɪˈɡɪn æt ðə seɪm taɪm/
Line 3
We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.
Line 4
Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.
/ðʌs ˈaʊər pæθ wɑːz ˈlɪtərəli struːn wɪð ˈflaʊərz ɔːl ðə weɪ/
Line 5
It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.
/ɪt wʊd biː boʊθ ənˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd ənd ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl tuː dɪˈskraɪb wʌt ə ˈhevənli taɪm ðæt ˈhʌnimuːn wɑːz tuː miː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appropriate verb US /əˈproʊpriət/

give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading “It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.”

Fay noun US /feɪ/

a small being, human in form, playful and having magical powers

From this reading “A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.”

honeymoon noun US /ˈhʌnimuːn/

a holiday taken by a newly married couple

From this reading “It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.”

Manor noun US /ˈmænər/

the mansion of a lord or wealthy person

From this reading “We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.”

strewn verb US /struːn/

inflected form of “strew” — spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic)

From this reading “Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.”

Swiss noun US /swɪs/

the natives or inhabitants of Switzerland

From this reading “We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.”

Switzerland noun US /ˈswɪtsərlənd/

a landlocked federal republic in central Europe

From this reading “We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.”

undignified adjective US /ənˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd/

lacking dignity

From this reading “It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.”

strewn with verb + particle counted as “strew with”

In this reading “Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.”

proper time adjective + noun

In this reading “A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

appropriateverbUS /əˈproʊpriət/

give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

BIRTHDAYnounUS /ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/

an anniversary of the day on which a person was born (or the celebration of it)

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

FaynounUS /feɪ/

a small being, human in form, playful and having magical powers

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

heavenlyadjectiveUS /ˈhevənli/

relating to or inhabiting a divine heaven

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

honeymoonnounUS /ˈhʌnimuːn/

a holiday taken by a newly married couple

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

lakesnounUS /leɪks/

plural of “lake” — a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

ManornounUS /ˈmænər/

the mansion of a lord or wealthy person

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

marryingverbUS /ˈmeriɪŋ/

-ing form of “marry” — take in marriage

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

PRESENTverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

Restham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It seems so appropriate for the new heaven and the new earth to begin at the same time.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

strewnverbUS /struːn/

inflected form of “strew” — spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic)

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

SwissnounUS /swɪs/

the natives or inhabitants of Switzerland

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

SwitzerlandnounUS /ˈswɪtsərlənd/

a landlocked federal republic in central Europe

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

undignifiedadjectiveUS /ənˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd/

lacking dignity

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We went first to the Italian lakes and then back to Switzerland, so that spring met us in Italy, accompanied us through the Swiss mountains, and arrived at Restham Manor about the same time as we did.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Thus our path was literally strewn with flowers all the way.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It would be both undignified and impossible, to describe what a heavenly time that honeymoon was to me.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading A BIRTHDAY PRESENT Fay and I were married early in the year, which always appears to me the proper time for marrying and giving in marriage.

Chapter 10 of Ten Degrees Backward by Ellen Thorneycroft Fowler holds 257 sentences, grouped into 52 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Ten Degrees Backward contain?

Chapter 10 holds 257 sentences of Ten Degrees Backward, unabridged, divided into 52 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Ten Degrees Backward by Ellen Thorneycroft Fowler exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 257 sentences, grouped into 52 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Ten Degrees Backward?

Work through the 52 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 52 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ten Degrees Backward

Common questions about reading Ten Degrees Backward by Ellen Thorneycroft Fowler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ten Degrees Backward?

Yes. All 4536 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57464 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ten Degrees Backward is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57464, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ten Degrees Backward take to read?

About 378 minutes of reading across 908 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ten Degrees Backward section by section

How to work through Ten Degrees Backward section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of Ten Degrees Backward to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ten Degrees Backward

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ten Degrees Backward, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Degrees Backward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ladyship's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Degrees Backward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conscience
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Degrees Backward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Concerning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Degrees Backward; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.