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Ten Years Later
Ten Years Later

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Ten Years Later is here in full — 503 sentences across 101 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.
During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.
After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.
De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.
As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ten Years Later

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Ten Years Later is here in full — 503 sentences across 101 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/100 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.
Line 2
During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.
Line 3
After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.
/ˈæftər ˈmædəm hæd ˈteɪkən liːv ʌv ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ fliːt ənd wʌns əˈɡen hæd səˈluːtɪd ðə ˈkʌntri ɪn səˈluːtɪŋ ɪts flæɡz ʃiː ˈentərd hɜːr ˈkærɪdʒ sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ ə ˈbrɪljənt eˈskɔːrt/
Line 4
De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.
Line 5
As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

demonstrating verb US /ˈdemənstreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “demonstrate” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading “De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.”

demonstrations noun US /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “demonstration” — a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view

From this reading “As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.”

impropriety noun US /ˌɪmprəˈpraɪəti/

an improper demeanor

From this reading “De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.”

liveliest adjective US /ˈlaɪvliːəst/

superlative of “lively” — full of life and energy

From this reading “As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.”

pomp noun US /pɑːmp/

cheap or pretentious or vain display

From this reading “From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.”

saluting verb US /səˈluːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “salute” — propose a toast to

From this reading “After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.”

scattering noun US /ˈskætərɪŋ/

a small number (of something) dispersed haphazardly

From this reading “As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.”

unprotected adjective US /ˌʌnprəˈtektɪd/

lacking protection or defense

From this reading “De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

accompanyverbUS /əˈkʌmpəni/

be present or associated with an event or entity

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

admiralnounUS /ˈædmərəl/

the supreme commander of a fleet; ranks above a vice admiral and below a fleet admiral

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

allowingverbUS /əˈlaʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

animationnounUS /ˌænəˈmeɪʃən/

the condition of living or the state of being alive

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

Buckingham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

corpsnounUS /kɔːr/

an army unit usually consisting of two or more divisions and their support

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

DenounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

demonstratingverbUS /ˈdemənstreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “demonstrate” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

demonstrationsnounUS /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “demonstration” — a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

escortnounUS /eˈskɔːrt/

someone who escorts and protects a prominent person

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

excitingadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/

creating or arousing excitement

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

fetes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

flagsnounUS /flæɡz/

plural of “flag” — emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

Guiche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

Havre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

improprietynounUS /ˌɪmprəˈpraɪəti/

an improper demeanor

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

liveliestadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪvliːəst/

superlative of “lively” — full of life and energy

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

MadamenounUS /ˈmædəm/

title used for a married Frenchwoman

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

men'snounUS /menz/

a public toilet for men

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

pompnounUS /pɑːmp/

cheap or pretentious or vain display

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

resourcesnounUS /ˈriːsɔːrsɪz/

plural of “resource” — available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

salutedverbUS /səˈluːtɪd/

past form of “salute” — propose a toast to

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

salutingverbUS /səˈluːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “salute” — propose a toast to

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

scatteringnounUS /ˈskætərɪŋ/

a small number (of something) dispersed haphazardly

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

selectedadjectiveUS /səˈlektɪd/

chosen in preference to another

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading During the last few hours spent in Havre, every preparation for the departure had been made.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

suitenounUS /swiːt/

a musical composition of several movements only loosely connected

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading After Madame had taken leave of the English fleet, and, once again, had saluted the country in saluting its flags, she entered her carriage, surrounded by a brilliant escort.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading From Havre to Paris The next day the fetes took place, accompanied by all the pomp and animation that the resources of the town and the cheerful disposition of men’s minds could supply.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

unprotectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnprəˈtektɪd/

lacking protection or defense

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading De Guiche had hoped that the Duke of Buckingham would accompany the admiral to England; but Buckingham succeeded in demonstrating to the queen that there would be great impropriety in allowing Madame to proceed to Paris almost unprotected.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading As soon as it had been settled that Buckingham was to accompany Madame, the young duke selected a corps of gentlemen and officers to form part of his own suite, so that it was almost an army that now set out towards Paris, scattering gold, and exciting the liveliest demonstrations as they passed through the different towns and villages on the route.

Chapter 31 of Ten Years Later by Alexandre Dumas holds 503 sentences, grouped into 101 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Ten Years Later contain?

Chapter 31 holds 503 sentences of Ten Years Later, unabridged, divided into 101 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Ten Years Later by Alexandre Dumas exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 503 sentences, grouped into 101 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Ten Years Later?

Work through the 101 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 101 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of Ten Years Later?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #1258, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ten Years Later take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3211 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ten Years Later

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ten Years Later, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Years Later; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Artagnan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Years Later; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Became
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Years Later; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Acquainted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ten Years Later; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.